UV Water Disinfection Project Project 7402 Concept Review January 19, 2007
Free Template from 2 Core Team Members and Responsibilities Anna Murray Project Management (ME) Miguel Bazan Design for Manufacture (ISE) Micah Brewer Material Selection, CAD (ME) Manaal EisaLife Cycle Assessment (ISE) Gregory Hupp Product Testing, CAD (ME) Robert NorquestFluids Analysis (ME) Brendan Richard Electrical Design, Power Sources (EE)
Free Template from 3 Outline Project Background Needs assessment, specifications, QFD Concept Generation and Selection –Power Systems –Water Input / Filtration –UV Tube Cavity Project plan Project Issues / Risks Feedback
Free Template from 4 Problem Statement In many developing countries, there is a lack of potable water resulting in widespread illness in the young and weak. Current methods for obtaining clean water are either too expensive or inconvenient for use in these areas.
Free Template from 5 Objectives/Scope The intent is to enhance a proven concept for UV water disinfection and make it: –Easier to service –More robust in operation –Compatible with a variety of regionally available power and water sources –Cheaper to manufacture –Built by the users with local materials
Free Template from 6 Assumptions To be used in rural areas of Venezuela Point-of-use device for a family Similar flow rate / geometry to UC Berkeley’s Design Users may not have access to the electrical grid Users may be illiterate Availability of basic hand tools
Free Template from 7 UC Berkeley Model Cavity made of stainless steel with PVC end caps UV bulb on the top of the tube Water input directed away from electrical Elbow for water output
Free Template from 8 UC Berkeley Model Pictures courtesy of Sarah Brownell
Free Template from 9 Pros of Berkeley Model Window Few materials Cheap Enclosed (leaks/light) Drain Elbow Not much secondary structure Bucket (stability/storage) Intuitive use Cheap electrical components Electrical enclosed in bucket Design has been water tested Output is bigger than input for lack of overflow
Free Template from 10 Cons of Berkeley Model Too much glue Magnetic ballast (higher number of components) Water input (hard to build/sizing) Orienting bulb within tube Shaping Too many steps to assembly process PVC end caps Must have specific tools Filing No safeguard against bulb submersion Drain Copper elbow Leaks Not sealed
Free Template from 11 Needs Assessment
Free Template from 12 Engineering Metrics Maintenance Repair Time Distance Traveled to obtain parts Time to disassemble/clean Time to obtain tools/parts Durability Water flow Bulb life Material life Withstand force test Adaptability Number of alternative power supplies 120V AC Connection (Binary) Pump included (Binary) Filter output/size of particles Number of connectors for water Safety User is not exposed to UV radiation Core component enclosure Simple Design Ease of use Number of parts Number of installation steps Indicates water flow Indicates on/off Ease of build/install Efficiency Power efficiency Water temperature resistance Humidity resistance Water flow rate Absorption coefficient-turbidity Frequency of UV light UV dose Reliability Liters between filter change Years between seal failure Aesthetics Attractiveness Material porosity Time to stain Reflectance Local Materials Number of parts w/o temp repair Portability Volume Footprint Weight Cost Material cost
Free Template from 13 Engineering Metrics
Free Template from 14
Free Template from 15 QFD Results cont.
Free Template from 16 energy materials infected water sediment Functional Diagram detailed subfunctions Grid (AC) Alternative Power UV Bulb Disinfect water Disinfected Water Filter water Sediment, dirt Water input sources Water flow through cavity
Concept Generation and Selection Power Systems Water input / Filtration Tube Cavity
Power Systems
Free Template from 19 Concepts: Power Systems 120 V AC Power Grid Solar Power Motor/Generator –Wind turbine –Bicycle pedals –Flywheel –Hand crank
Free Template from 20 Ballast Diagrams
Free Template from 21 Ballast System – Pugh’s Matrix
Free Template from 22 Alternative Power Diagrams
Free Template from 23 Alternative Power – Pugh’s Matrix
Free Template from 24 Battery System – Pugh’s Matrix
Free Template from 25 DC Generator Input Designs
Free Template from 26 DC Generator Input Designs
Free Template from 27 DC Generator Input Designs
Free Template from 28 DC Generator Input – Pugh’s Matrix
Filtration Systems
Free Template from 30 Concepts: Filter Systems
Free Template from 31 Concepts: Filter Systems
Free Template from 32 Concepts: Filter Systems
Free Template from 33 Concepts: Filter Systems
Free Template from 34 Filter System – Pugh’s Matrix
Free Template from 35 Filter System – Pugh’s Matrix Cont.
Free Template from 36 Filter System – Pugh’s Matrix
Tube Cavity
Free Template from 38 Tube Cavity: Frame with Removable Lid
Free Template from 39 Tube Cavity: Frame Support with Cover
Free Template from 40 Tube Cavities – Pugh’s Matrix
Free Template from 41 Selection Conclusions Power (dependent on testing): –Magnetic ballast –Deep Cycle Battery –Generator w/ flywheel Filter: Terracotta, sand/KDF filter –and/or Bag Filter Tube: Removable Tube with Cover –Endcap design from others
Free Template from 42 System Drawing
Free Template from 43 SD I Project Plan Week 6 –Begin purchasing and making mock-ups Week 7-8 –Perform fluence justification, LCA and DFM analysis Week 9 –Finalize design and bill of materials Week 10 –Finalize test plans to prepare for SDII
Free Template from 44 SD II Project Plan Week 1-2 –Begin prototyping and finish design Week 3-4 –Complete prototype, test plan, and manuals Week 5-7 –Perform design testing and propose design changes Week 8-10 –Conduct Design and Product reviews, write conference paper and construct project poster
Free Template from 45 Project Issues/Risks Maintaining Low Cost Turbidity Determining local materials Lack of biological background Access to biological testing equipment Solar testing in Rochester Distribution Channels
Free Template from 46 Questions
Free Template from 47 Special Thanks Sarah Brownell Dr. Andres Carrano Dr. Jim Taylor Dr. Brian Thorn