Natural Selection vs. Selective Breeding Environmental and Human Influences

Natural Selection vs. Selective Breeding Natural Selection Selective Breeding Process by which organisms that are most suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully. Method of breeding that allows only those organisms with desired characteristics to produce the next generation.

Natural Selection Nature selecting some organisms to live and others to die. Reproduction Variation Competition Survival Fittest: Lives long enough to reproduce

Let’s Review Do you remember these guys?

The adaptation of a population in response to pollution. “Industrial Melanism”- darkness- of the skin, feathers, or fur. Acquired by a population of animals living in an industrial region where the environment is soot-darkened.

Example: Peppered Moths Manchester, England from 1845 to Before the industrial revolution, the trunks of the trees in the forest around Manchester were light grayish-green due to the presence of lichens.

Most of the peppered moths in the area were light colored with dark spots. As the industrial revolution progressed, the tree trunks became covered with soot and turned dark. Over a period of 45 years, the dark variety of the peppered moth became more common.

Can you see the moths?

NATURAL SELECTION Summary: Environmental Influence due to organism adaptation. Mouth parts ex: beaks, teeth External color ex: fur, scales, feathers Behavior

Galapagos Islands 1850’s: Charles Darwin described how organisms might change over time. Theory of Evolution 5 years of observations on the islands.

Galapagos Finches

SELECTIVE BREEDING Summary: Human Influence on characteristics and behavior. Domestic Animals ◦ Ex: Chickens, Dogs, Cows Plants: ◦ Ex: Corn, Brasilica, Fruit hybrids k604&index=2&list=PLgr6dnNbT5pG7CK- fkScfNEDWjeUZr9FI

Domestic Animals Various animals that have been tamed and made fit for a human environment.

shows/videos/assignment-discovery-shorts- artificial-selection/ shows/videos/assignment-discovery-shorts- artificial-selection/

HYBRID FRUITS Nectarcots Pluots How many types of apples are there?