Determiners

When to use ‘some’ and ‘any’ We use some and any with uncountable and plural nouns. They mean ‘a limited number or quantity’. We use some in affirmative sentences: I’d like some water. Here are some flowers for you. We use any in negative sentences and most questions. There aren’t any trains today. Do you speak any other languages?

Exceptions to the rule! We use some in questions which expect the answer ‘yes’. For example, we use some for offers and requests. Would you like some coffee? Could I have some information, please? ============================================================= We use any with words like never, without or hardly, which have negative meanings. They never give me any help. Non mi danno nessun aiuto. I got there without any difficulty. Sono arrivata senza alcun difficultà.

practice Chose the correct word. I’d like some/any help. There aren’t some/any messages for you. Have you got some/any brothers or sisters? She’s got some/any interesting friends. I had some/any problems with my boss. I didn’t have some/any breakfast this morning. Could you give me some/any advice? I need some/any envelopes. She never says something/anything.

Check your answers I’d like some/any help. There aren’t some/any messages for you. Have you got some/any brothers or sisters? She’s got some/any interesting friends. I had some/any problems with my boss. I didn’t have some/any breakfast this morning. Could you give me some/any advice? I need some/any envelopes. She never says something/anything.

When to use ‘much’ and ‘many’ So many worlds, so much to do, so little done. by Tennyson Much and many are mainly used in questions and negatives. We use much with singular (uncountable * see next slide) nouns. I haven’t got much time. Was there much traffic this morning? We use many with plural nouns. Are there many tourists in Turin? She doesn’t have many American friends.

What does ‘uncountable’ mean? Countable nouns are words like car, book, pen. They can be singular or plural. Uncountable nouns are words like petrol, money, information, water, advice. They are always singular. We cannot use a/an with them.(NOT an advice) Practice. Put a with countable and some with the uncountable nouns. …….bread …… cheque …..furniture …..work …..holiday …… luck …... news …..hair …..baggage …..problem …..information check your answers

check your answers some bread a cheque some furniture some work a holiday some luck some news some hair some baggage a problem some information Examples Can you give me some information about the schools? Have you got much baggage? No, just one small bag.

What about much and many with affirmations? In affirmative sentences we usually use ‘a lot of ‘ instead of much or many. Infact it is incorrect to use much in an affirmation. I have much money. I have a lot of money. We can use many in affirmative sentences. She can speak many languages. However, it is more common to use a lot of. There are a lot of museums in Flourence.

practice Put in much or many. She doesn’t speak ……….. English. She doesn’t buy ……… clothes. I haven’t got …………… information for you. Not …….. people visit our town. Have you travelled to ………… countries. In Turin there are ……… nice restaurants. At the seaside there are …….. hotels. There is ………. milk in the fridge. check you answers

answers Put in much or many. She doesn’t speak much English. She doesn’t buy many clothes. I haven’t got much information for you. Not many people visit our town. Have you travelled to many countries. In Turin there are a lot of / many nice restaurants. At the seaside there are a lot of / many hotels. There is a lot of milk in the fridge.