Your class now has to follow the new rules listed below! Read each one and discuss what you think about them: Rule 1: Only people with blonde hair can use the water fountain in the classroom. Rule 2: Only right-handed boys can play basketball. Rule 3: Only students with brown eyes can eat in the cafeteria.

Many years ago, the United States had laws called Jim Crow laws that were unfair to African-Americans. the word unfair means treating people in a way that favors some over others These laws also prevented them from eating in the same restaurants or drinking from the same water fountains as white people.

segregation means keeping people of different races separate from each other These laws also made it where black and white people could not go to school together. Schools were segregated. Places in the United States used to be very different from how they are today because of segregation.

When schools started to become integrated, many people were not happy! It was a very dangerous time in American history. It also took many courageous people who were willing to face threats and dangers before black Americans gained the same civil rights as white Americans.

Civil rights are the rights that every person should have regardless of his or her gender, race, or religion.

Mary McLeod Bethune was one of the courageous people who fought for civil rights! Hi! I’m Mary McLeod Bethune. I love teaching!

Author w:en:Carl Van Vechten

EQ: Who was Mary McLeod Bethune? Mary McLeod Bethune was born in Mayesville, South Carolina on July 10, 1875.

Mary McLeod Bethune was the fifteenth child of seventeen children born to Patsy and Samuel. EQ: Who was Mary McLeod Bethune?

Mary’s parents, Patsy and Samuel were slaves. When the slaves were freed by the Emancipation Proclamation Patsy's master gave her parents some land and the family planted a few acres of cotton. EQ: Who was Mary McLeod Bethune?

Mary was the first free born child born to Patsy and Samuel. However, Mary’s freedom did not grant her the same rights as other children. EQ: Who was Mary McLeod Bethune?

Mary’s family had a Bible, but no one could read it. Mary was determined to learn to read. A women named Emma Wilson opened a school for African American children. EQ: Who was Mary McLeod Bethune?

Mary walked five miles to attend the school. She worked hard and within a year was able to read the Bible to her family. She also learned numbers and helped her father and other black farmers know if someone was trying to cheat them out of money. EQ: Who was Mary McLeod Bethune?

Mary attended the Moody Bible Institute in Chicago, Illinois. Mary hoped to become a missionary. A missionary is a person who teaches others about religion However, she was told that black missionaries were not needed. She decided to become an educator. EQ: Who was Mary McLeod Bethune?

Mary taught in Augusta, Georgia. She also met and married a man named Albertus Bethune. Her name became Mary McLeod Bethune. She kept her maiden name, McLeod, to honor her father. EQ: Who was Mary McLeod Bethune?

Mary and Albertus moved to Florida. She opened a school for African American girls in Daytona, Florida. EQ: Who was Mary McLeod Bethune?

The school started in 1904 In Daytona, Florida with only six students. Mary started the school with only a $1.50. Students used charred splinters as pencils and mashed elderberries supplied the ink. EQ: Who was Mary McLeod Bethune?

Mary’s school grew so much in two years that they needed a bigger place. Mary asked people for donations. She also sold ice cream and pies to raise money. Mary faced discrimination because of her race, but she never gave up on her goal. She soon raised enough money to buy land and build a new school. EQ: Who was Mary McLeod Bethune?

Source Wikimedia Commons Mary’s school for African American girls in Daytona, Florida.

In 1931, the school merged with a boy’s school and became Bethune- Cookman University. EQ: Who was Mary McLeod Bethune?

Original uploader was Moni3 at en.wikipedia.

Mary McLeod Bethune received national attention because of her work. She became close friends with Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt.

Mary and Eleanor became very close friends. Eleanor would sit next to Mary at different events despite segregation laws.

Mary McLeod Bethune would visit First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt at the White House. Eleanor considered Mary to be one of her closest friends.

Author Unknown Mary McLeod Bethune and Eleanor Roosevelt

President Roosevelt appointed her as president of the advisory board of the National Youth Administration. In 1935 she was appointed her the head of the office of Minority Affairs. It was the first time in history a black woman had served in a presidential administration.

Bethune visiting the White House. Original uploader was Moni3 at en.wikipedia Mary died on May 18, 1955, in Daytona Beach, FL. She will always be remember for her contributions for civil rights.

EQ: How does our life compare and contrast to Bethune’s life? Think about your life today and Bethune life. How are things in your life different from Mary McLeod Bethune’s life? How are things the same?

EQ: How does our life compare and contrast to Bethune’s life? Here are some things to think about: food clothing homes transportation communication rights and freedoms hobbies

EQ: How does our life compare and contrast to Bethune’s life? Complete the Venn Diagram Write things that are different on the side. Write things that are the same in the middle.

EQ: What is the difference between a fact and an opinion? An opinion is how someone thinks or feels. It cannot be proven. Examples: South Carolina is a beautiful state. Girls are smarter than boys. Mary McLeod Bethune is the best teacher!

EQ: What is the difference between a fact and an opinion? A fact can be proven by looking in a reliable source. Non-fiction books like encyclopedias, dictionaries, and school textbooks contain facts. Examples: Mary McLeod Bethune was an educator. Segregation is when people of different races are kept separate. Mary McLeod Bethune was born in Mayesville, South Carolina in 1875.

EQ: What is the difference between a fact and an opinion? Complete the fact and opinion sheet Is it telling how someone thinks or feels? If so, it is an opinion! Can it be proven by looking in a reliable source? If you can, it is a fact!

EQ: What locations are significant to Mary McLeod Bethune? Mary McLeod Bethune traveled to many different places across the United States! It was especially dangerous for African- Americans in the southern states during this time.

Let’s use a map to find some of the places that are important to Mary McLeod Bethune! EQ: What locations are significant to Mary McLeod Bethune?

EQ: How can I put events in order? A timeline is a way of displaying a list of events in chronological order. Born in Mayesville, South Carolina Advises President Roosevelt on minority affairs events that happen earliest are towards the left of the timeline events that happen later are towards the right of the timeline

EQ: How can I put events in order? Complete the timeline on Mary McLeod Bethune. Cut out the events, place them in order, check your answers, then glue the events to the timeline.

EQ: What character traits describe Mary McLeod Bethune? intelligent the ability to learn or understand things or to deal with new or difficult situations

courage is the ability to do something that you know is difficult or dangerous EQ: What character traits describe Mary McLeod Bethune?

resourceful having the ability to find quick and clever ways to overcome difficulties EQ: What character traits describe Mary McLeod Bethune?

patience is the ability to handle hardships in a calm manner EQ: What character traits describe Mary McLeod Bethune?

leadership the power or ability to lead other people EQ: What character traits describe Mary McLeod Bethune?

diligence steady, earnest, and energetic effort to accomplish a task EQ: What character traits describe Mary McLeod Bethune?

Complete the adjective bubble map on Mary McLeod. Write character traits and adjectives in the bubbles to describe Mary McLeod Bethune. EQ: What character traits describe Mary McLeod Bethune?

We have learned many important facts about Mary McLeod Bethune! EQ: What are the most important facts about Mary McLeod Bethune?

EQ: What are the most important facts about Mary McLeod Bethune? We learned that Mary was born in Mayesville, South Carolina in She fought for civil rights and equality. Mary’s parents were slaves. Mary was born free, but did not have the same rights as white Americans. Schools were segregated. Segregation means keeping people of different races separate.

EQ: What are the most important facts about Mary McLeod Bethune? Mary showed diligence in her life. She never let anything stop her from achieving her goals. Nine year old Mary walked five miles to attend a one room schoolhouse. Mary wanted to be a missionary, but she was told black missionaries were not needed. Mary decided to become an educator.

EQ: What are the most important facts about Mary McLeod Bethune? Mary taught in Georgia and Florida. She was determined to open a school for African American girls. The school started in 1904 In Daytona, Florida with only six students. In 1931, the school merged with a boy’s school and became Bethune-Cookman University. Bethune became friends with the Roosevelts and served as an advisor to President Franklin Roosevelt.