Mendels Genetics Heredity the passing of traits from parents to offspring Genetics the branch of biology that focuses on heredity, Mendel discovered the patterns that scientists study today

Mendel’s Theory of Genetic 1.Each Individual has two copies of genes, one from his/her mother and one from his/her father 2.Alleles are different versions of the gene, each individual gets one allele from each parent for each trait. ie: purple or white flower 3.An allele can be dominant or recessive, one trait is observable and the other not. 4.Gametes contain one allele for each trait, ½ genetic composition, haploid cells

Homozygous or Heterozygous Homozygous - having two like genes of the same trait; have the same alleles, they can be recessive or dominant, but the same. Dominant purple flower is PP. Recessive white flower is pp. Dominant - is the trait that is stronger; gene whose trait always shows itself. Recessive - gene of the trait that is hidden when the dominant gene is present

Genotype and Phenotype Phenotype the physical appearance of a trait, the recessive allele in a heterozygous individual is not expressed Genotype the alleles that the individual has even if recessive and not expressed Heterozygous - Pp – having two unlike genes for the same trait. Purple plant expressed but contains recessive white. Contains dominant and recessive alleles of the same trait

Punnett Squares Predicts the expected outcome Yy Homozygous Dominant YY Homozygous recessive YY Y Y y y

What is the genotype, phenotype?