 Military government  General Henry- military governor said, “ They are still children, each one has a different idea and they don’t really know what they want.”

 Allows U.S. to have a presence in the Caribbean  Allows for protection of a future canal (Isthmus of Panama)

 1993 P.R. voted to remain U.S. Commonwealth  Allowed to make own laws, handle it’s finances  U.S. controls defense and sets tariffs

 Cuba independent  U.S. Army governs Cuba Bad Same officials remain in office Protesters were imprisoned or exiled. Good Provided food and clothing Helped farmers cultivate lands organized elementary schools improved sanitation

 Platt Amendment (1903)  1. no treaties limiting independence, no foreign power can control Cuba  2. U.S. can intervene to preserve independence/ maintain order  3. can’t go into Debt  4. U.S. can buy/lease land for naval purposes P.S. U.S. gov’t would not withdraw until Cuba adopts this! Treaty between two nations remains in effect for 31 years.

 Becomes a U.S. protectorate, her affairs are controlled by the U.S.  A country affairs are partially controlled by a stronger power

 Outraged by American annexation, they wanted independence  Rebel Leader Aguinaldo led a revolt  U.S. practiced what it condemned Spain for using in Cuba  War lasting 3 years costing $400 million  U.S. set up a government similar to P.R.  Became an independent republic on July 4, 1946

Who is the waiter taking Uncle Sam’s order for dinner? What seems to be Uncle Sam’s attitude toward the offering on the menu?

 Countries fighting for control of China, America scared might lose access.  U.S. Secretary of State: John Hay issues series of policies called the Open Door notes & sends them to imperial powers. Coastal ports open Elimination of special privileges China maintains independence

 Group of Chinese rebels try to drive out the “foreign devils”.  Killed hundreds of missionaries, foreigners, and Christian Chinese.  Britain, France, Germany, Japan and U.S. soldiers put down the rebellion.

Final step to prevent imperial powers from carving up China. John Jay issues 2 nd series of Open Door notes. U.S. would “safeguard for the world the principle of equal and impartial trade with all parts of the Chinese Empire.” Reflection… American’s believed 1) Growth of U.S. depended on exports 2) U.S. has a right to intervene in foreign affairs to keep markets open 3) Closing of an area to American products, citizens, or ideas threatens U.S. survival.

Is it necessary to own people to trade with them?