[ ɑɪ ], [ ɑʊ ], [ ɔɪ ], [eI], [O ʊ ]

 List the front vowels.  List the back vowels.  List the mid vowels.

qVY4Dh2SE Sample: I would like to buy some ice skates sometime. Spellings: i as in ice y as in cryye as in dye ie as in lie uy as in buy ui as in guile igh as in light ei as in height ey as in eye ais as in aisle ia as in diamond

1. Open your mouth to the position for [a]. Your tongue should be flat in the bottom of your mouth, relaxed. Your lips should not be rounded. 2. Produce voice. As you do, lift the back of your tongue toward the position of [I]. Don’t close your mouth very much; there should be more tongue movement than jaw movement. Allow your jaw to move only very slightly, and straight up, not inward.

 Read “Level 1: Problem 1” aloud.

B EGINNING M IDDLE E ND icedicefry iconpricepie itemricethigh islandfightdeny idealmightguy

 The kite was so high it was out of sight.  He had a night job as a fry-cook and pie- maker.  I tried to time the engine and adjust the idle.  I tried to buy some dry clothes.

MwI Sample: The crowd shouted and howled when the ball went foul. Spellings: ou as in shoutow as in crowd ough as in bough

1. Open your mouth for the position of [a]. Your tongue should be relaxed and flat in the mouth. Your lips should bot be rounded. 2. Produce voice. As you do, close your mouth slightly and round your lips. Your tongue should elevate. Move toward the position for [ ʊ ].

 Read aloud “Level 1” Problem 1”

B EGINNING M IDDLE E ND outcouchcow outsidepowdernow ouncegrowlallow hourabouteyebrow ouchtowelplow

[ ɑʊ ][o] nowknow groundgroaned towntone outoat couchcoach

 The outlaws growled at the crowd.  Where’s the brown towel you took outside?  The county raised our mileage allowance.  Some flowers don’t open on cloudy days.

f8 Sample: Roy took great joy in coin collecting. Spellings: oy as in joyoi as in coin

1. Open your mouth almost to the position for [ ɔ ]. Raise the back of your tongue slightly and round your lips just a tiny bit. 2. Produce voice. As you do, your jaw should drop slightly. Then let your tongue lift toward the position for [I], relax your lip- rounding, and draw the corners of your moth back. Make sure there’s no nasal emission of air.

Beginning  Oil  Oyster  Ointment  Oily End  Roy  Employ  Destroy  Boy  Enjoy  Annoy  Coy  Alloy  Toy Middle  Boil  Join  Appointment  Soy sauce  Toys  Boycott  Coin  Point  anoint

[ ɔ I][ ɔɚ ] Coilcurl Poisepurrs Poisonperson Boysburrs Loinlearn OilEarl

 I have an appointment for an employment physical.  Please oil the noisy hinge.  The coins were made of a copper alloy.  The boycott destroyed his profits.

 1se-A 1se-A  Sample: The lady said the train was delayed eight hours. ei as in eight ay as in delay ee as in matinee et as in sachet

1. Lower your tongue to a point just a bit lower than the position for [I]. Open your mouth slightly. Only the rear of your tongue should touch the upper back teeth, and the tip should be behind the lower front teeth. 2. Produce voice. As you do, pull the corners of your lips back very slightly.

 Read aloud “Problem: Clipped [eI]”

Raid Maid Stayed Played Grade Faze Raze Graze Wade Aid Laze Maze Save Fade Trade

 It would be great to take the day off.  I’ll pay you back on Thursday.  The sleigh can’t stay on the frozen lake.  Aim the bug spray away from your face.

 FXWdZI FXWdZI  So, I asked him to row the boat home. oa as in boat oe as in toe oo as in brooch eau as in beau

1. Open your mouth about halfway. Round your lips and slightly purse them. Touch the tip of our tongue to the back of your lower teeth, but do it lightly. 2. Raise the back of your tongue as you purse the lips. Produce voice. Make sure there’s no nasal emission.

 Robe  Lobe  Doze  Code  Bowed  Rowed  Posed  Hosed  Grows  Oak  Oats  coal

 He owned on oceangoing boat.  Put the oatmeal in the bowl next to the stove.  I know you would like stone-grounded whole wheat toast.  Flo owed the owner of the grocery store for the rolled oats she stole.

 Provide 2 words for each diphthong we covered today.  [ ɑɪ ]  [ ɑʊ ]  [ ɔɪ ]  [eI]  [O ʊ ]

[ ɚ ], [I ɚ ], [ ε ɚ ], [ ɑɚ ], [ ʊɚ ], and [ ɔɚ ]

 Identify the IPA sounds in the following words: 1. Delay 2. Boat 3. Fright 4. Isolate 5. Mound 6. Sachet 7. Road 8. Coil 9. Boys 10. Hound

 [ ɚ ] is an element in 5 diphthongs.  The use of these diphthongs varies regionally, as does the vowel [ ɚ ].  Mid-central vowel with an [r] quality. Example: Her father’s letter gave the governor pleasure. Spellings: Any vowel and r combination.

1. [ ɚ ] is produced in the same way as [ ɝ ]. The only difference is in the stress (loudness). Open your mouth to the position to say [ ɔ ], about halfway. Don’t round your lips. 2. Curl the tongue tip back until it points just behind the upper gum ridge and raise the center. Produce voice, but not as loud or as long as for [ ɝ ].

M IDDLE M IDDLE E ND E ND perhapssisterlywonderburger moderninterstatetirecaller westerngovernmentdollarrunner counterfeiteasternmatteractor berserkansweredtarafter

 The tire goes on the eastern end of the street.  That actor looks like an anchorman.  They caught the counterfeiters on Interstate 95.  Something’s bothering my father.

 The vowel [I] is frequently combined with [ ɚ ] to produce the diphthong [I ɚ ], as in the word here.  Read page 221, “Level 2”  Spellings vary :/

1. Open your mouth very slightly. Your upper and lower teeth should be closed together, but not quite as close as for [i]. Spread your lips slightly, but don’t smile for this vowel. 2. Touch the back sides of your tongue to the upper molars. Place the tip behind the lower front teeth. The back of the tongue will be slightly lower than it was for [i]. 3. Produce voice and add the [r] sound at the end.

 Ear  Eerie  Fear  Appear  We’re  Steers  Weird  Shears  Jeers  Tear  Bier  Clear  Career  Hear  Near  Fears  Cheers  Gears  Smears  Beard

 The weird girl played near the water.  His ear is infected with tears from the dog.  Although the water is clear, I still fear it.

 The square room was carefully fitted with flared chair rails. Spellings: ear as in heard air as in chair are as in stared

1. Open your mouth slightly wider than for [e]. 2. The very back of the tongue is touching the upper molars, and the tip is behind the lower front teeth. 3. Produce voice but add the [r] sound at the end.

End  Air  Chair  Wear  Bare  Spare  Flare End  Dare  Care  Stare  Hair  Pair  Fare Middle  stared  Cared  Pared  Hairs  Wears

 I pledged my help to the Center for the Elderly.  I need every bit of extra energy I can get.  Mary always carried a spare pair of keys for her rare treasure warehouse.  Be careful where the bare carpet on the stairs has begun to tear.

 The sergeant killed the opponent with arson. Spellings ar as in arson are as in are er as in sergeant

1. Open wide and say ahhh. 2. Add the [r] sound at the end.

 Arson  Army  Operation  Are  Art  Argue  Arch  Article  Heart  Stars

 The art show had many paintings of stars.  I argued with the doctor that the operation would not be long.  In this article, you can see that the army is going to make serious budget cuts.

 The vowel [U] is frequently combined with the [ ɚ ] to produce a diphthong, [ ʊɚ ], as in the word lure.  Turn to page 239. Read the bottom paragraph! Spellings: er as in stewer our as in tour ure as in lure oor as in poor

1. Open your mouth to a position slightly higher than for [I]. 2. Round and slightly protrude your lips. 3. Touch your lower front teeth with the tip of your tongue. 4. Produce voice and add the [r] sound at the end. Make sure there’s no nasal emission.

poorlure surecure tourmoor chewertour You’restewer

 He took the meat off the butcher block.  The sugar cookies were too good.  The poor cook pushed the saltshaker back in its nook.

 The vowel [ ɔ ] is often combined with the [ ɚ ] to produce the diphthong, [ ɔɚ ].  Read page 246 aloud. Spellings oar as in boar or as in orchard our as in four ore as in bore oor as in floor ar as in war

1. Close the mouth very slightly from the position of [ æ ], and slightly round your lips. Elevate the back of your tongue a bit, but don’t touch your upper teeth. 2. Produce voice and add the [r] sound at the end. Make sure there’s no nasal emission.

B EGINNING B EGINNING M IDDLE M IDDLE oarorphansnorehorse orbitordertornstory orchestraorganwarmfloor orchidordealfourthward ornamentoratorstoreglory

 The old man snored like a horse.  I bought the ornament at the store for Christmas.  She told me a story about a horse who went to the store.

 Provide two words for each of the diphthongs that we covered today.  [I ɚ ]  [ ε ɚ ]  [ ɑɚ ]  [ ʊɚ ]  [ ɔɚ ]