Chapter 8: The Northeast Building Industry Section 8-1 Economic Growth

Vocabulary  Industrial Revolution: people left their homes and farms to work in mills and factories  Cotton Gin: allowed one worker to clean as much as 50 people (Eli Whitney)  Factories: often had dangerous working conditions  Free enterprise: a system where people are free to buy, sell and produce  Technology: scientific inventions that simplify work

The Growth of Industry  Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in the US in New England?  British Inventors created machinery  Changes in the system known as Industrial Revolution Started around 1800 First in New England  Poor soil, difficult farming  Rivers provided waterpower for machines  Many sea ports

A Changing Economy  What were the first New England Mills?  Capitalism: economic system of the US  Free Enterprise: competition, profit, private property, economic freedom  New Technology: Cotton Gin: increased cotton production Eli Whitney was the inventor Interchangeable parts  First New England Mills: Textile Mills

A Changing Economy  What states passed 1 million in population in 1820?  What are the pros and cons of living in a city or town?  65% of US were Farmers  Demand for cotton increased =300,000 bales a year  Economic Independence People started investing Towns and cities grew  Near rivers and streams  Made of wood or brick, no sewers  Fire threat  Variety of jobs, steady wages