Satyagraha Poor, indentured Indians forced to grow cash crops (indigo, cotton) instead of food British also levied heavy taxes on them Famine struck, and British response was to increase taxes by 23% Poor, indentured Indians forced to grow cash crops (indigo, cotton) instead of food Gandhi proposed satyagraha – non-violence, mass civil disobedience His arrest rallied hundreds outside of the jail – he was released British agreed to give farmers more control over farming and cancelled taxes

Amritsar Massacre Small gathering in the Jallianwala Bagh to protest the Rowlatt Act – British able to arrest and punish any terror suspect Thousands more were there to celebrate a Sikh holiday Brigadier-General Dyer would have soldiers open fire on the masses

Indian National Congress Muslim League “Swaraj” – an Independent India “Swadeshi” – boycott foreign made goods Non-cooperation Gandhi named their leader

Salt March to Dandi Walked 388 kilometres to Dandi, Gujarat Thousands of Indians joined him Britain responded by imprisoning over 60,000 people Non-violent protest of the salt tax Brought world-wide attention to India’s struggles for independence

Fasting As a means to a political end In support of “Harijans” – or “Untouchables”, whom Gandhi believed should be accepted into society

“Quit India” Civil disobedience movement to bring complete independence Would not support Britain against Nazi Germany Gandhi and the entire Congress were arrested Thousands were killed, injured, and arrested

Partition Jawaharlal Nehru became Prime Minister of India Muhammad Ali Jinnah became Governor-General of Pakistan 12.5 million displaced people Violent uprisings causing the deaths of a million people?

Assassination