Navigating Open: What Every Librarian Needs to Know University of South Carolina Stacy Winchester and Amie Freeman

Objectives Understand “open” Understand various open access models and open data Help people preserve access and rights to their work Learn about Open Educational Resources (OER) and how they can be used by students and lifelong learners

Open Access Myths Open access journals are not peer-reviewed. Publishing in open access journals is the only way that peer-reviewed articles can be open access. Publishing in open access journals is expensive Traditional publishing prevents authors from making that same work available through open access channels. Mendeley Blog, Debunking the Myths of Open Access, October 2015

What do faculty think it is? “Freely available to anyone.” “Available to everyone, as opposed to being in a journal where one has to subscribe somehow”. “Usually it means paying for the privilege of publishing so as to fatten the resume.” “Not peer reviewed. Actually, as I’m thinking about it, I’m published in an online journal, but this journal is run by the professional society in my field, and publishing there is valued just as highly as publishing in the field’s top print journals. So, maybe I don’t know what open access means.” “I don’t know but am interested to find out. I would never, ever publish in an open access journal.”

Degrees of Openness Gratis Libre

Open Access Models Green ●Also called archiving ●Subject specific - arXiv ●Institutional repositories

Open Access Models Gold ●Not all open access publications charge a fee ●Fees ○by the manuscript ○by the author ●<15% of authors pay APC (publication fee) costs themselves * ○grants ○universities ○subsidies ●Hybrid Model *Study of Open Access Publishing (SOAP)

How Open? Sherpa Romeo University of Nottingham

Making Things Open SPARC Addendum Creative Commons License

Finding Open Access DOAJ - Directory of Open Access Journals

Public Access Mandate Open Access required Data Mgt Plans often required Embargo stipulations

Public Health Emergencies Zika Ebola

Avoiding Predatory Publishers Considerations… Who is on the editorial review board Digital preservation practices Large number of similar looking journals New Wide scope Sloppy Dishonesty Unclear author fees Name of the journal does not reflect geographic origin (Global, European) Spam/Aggressive Solicitation Peer review Turnaround time Impact factor Indexing Copyright policies Vague

And of course...

More About OA OAD - Open Access Directory Sci Huß

Open data Not a new idea, but lots of new interest The idea that some data should be free – geographic maps, genome information, chemical compounds, formulae, environmental and medical data

Cost of learning materials $1200/year

Normal MarketTextbook Market ●Competition in the market forces prices down●Five major publishers control 80% of the market ●Consumer choice rewards companies that compete on price and quality ●The student--the consumer--has no choice in which textbook they’re assigned Modified from CC-BY-4.0 Why are learning materials so expensive??

Over the course of an academic career, students report that textbook costs have caused them to: Not purchase the required textbook64% Not register for a course45% Take fewer courses49% Drop a course27% Withdraw from a course21% Fail a course17% Florida Virtual Campus. (2012) Florida Student Textbook Survey. Tallahassee, FL: Author. CC BY NC

Long-term effects on non-students

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OER Myths Online = low quality Online = free OER means faculty members will not be paid for their work Publishers add unrivaled benefits

What is “open”? Free ●Available at no cost to students 5 “R”s ●Retain ●Reuse ●Revise ●Remix ●Redistribute

OER Benefits Free (or low cost print) Adaptable/customizable/creatable Many are peer reviewed, very high quality Very little copyright concern Allowed to make web accessible Makes required course materials available to everyone Students have access first day of class, leading to higher test scores, less failing grades, and lower withdrawal rates

Finding OER for Students BC Campus OpenEd BookBoon California State ISBN Textbook Finder Center of Math College Open Textbooks Collaborative Community College Consortium for OER Directory of Open Access Books Merlot MIT Online Textbooks OER Commons Open Access Textbooks Open.Michigan OpenStax OpenStax CNX Open SUNY Textbooks Open Textbook Library Orange Grove SpringerOpen

OpenStax.org Image used with permission from OpenStax.org

Merlot.org Image CC BY-NC-ND Merlot.org

Finding OER for lifelong learners MOOCS Coursera Canvas EdX MIT OpenCourseWare Open Language Resources Open Culture Center for Open Educational Resources and Language Learning (COERLL)

MIT OpenCourseWare Images CC BY-NC-SA

COERLL Image CC BY erll

What can you do with “open”? Know your resources Become an advocate Celebrate Open Access Week Lead workshops Contribute content Offer incentives

Questions? Stacy Amie Slides: