Massachusetts Bay Colony “A City on a Hill” Matthew 5:14

The Puritans Found Massachusetts Puritans and Pilgrims Shared frustration Different methods of dealing Reform vs. Separation Some exceptions Puritans – work within… Begins to change in 1625 King Charles Dissolves parliament, persecutes Puritans Archbishop William Laud Heavy verbal bashing of _____________

John Winthrop Depression/Persecution A concerned, wealthy attorney named ______________ Stockholder in the Mass. Bay Company “I am verily persuaded, God will bring some heavy affliction upon this land, and that speedily” – John Winthrop

“City on a Hill” MBC held a charter (1629) to est. a colony in N.E. (<- “for-profit”) Alteration of purpose - _______________ REFUGE FOR ______________ March 1630, they set sail Eleven ships 900 settlers +

The Sermon “A Model of Christian Charity” Source: John Winthrop, “A Modell of Christian Charity,” 1630. . . . wee must be knitt together, in this worke, as one man. Wee must entertaine each other in brotherly affection. Wee must be willing to abridge ourselves of our superfluities, for the supply of others’ necessities. Wee must uphold a familiar commerce together in all meekeness, gentlenes, patience and liberality. Wee must delight in eache other; make other’s conditions our owne; rejoice together, mourne together, labour and suffer together, always haueving before our eyes our commission and community in the worke, as members of the same body. . . . The eies [eyes] of all people are upon us. Soe that if wee shall deale falsely with our God in this worke wee have undertaken, and soe cause him to withdrawe his present help from us, wee shall be made a story and a by-word through the world.

(Another excerpt) “The Lord will make our name a praise and glory, so that men shall say of succeeding plantations: ‘The Lord make it like that of New England.’ for we must consider that we shall be like a City upon a Hill; the eyes of all people are on us.” John Winthrop

Massachusetts Bay Colony By the end of 1630 another 1,000 settlers MBC rapidly expands Several towns founded Boston, capital Great Migration By 1643 ______________________ Because of ______________________

Who makes the laws? John Winthrop…”the controller” General court = “Freemen” = lawmakers Not quite……__________________ 1634, they demand to see the charter May 1634, the assembly becomes a representive body

Church and State Government should support the church Compulsory church attendance Taxes collected for the church Gov’t regulated behavior Things you cannot do: Gamble, blaspheme, adultery, drunkenness Often these were punished by flogging ________________________

Puritan Ideals Sought to create the ideal Christian society Everyday life was seen as a struggle between God and the devil Any “act against” God was a crime and an opportunity for the devil to gain a foothold in the Puritan society… …so there had to be punishments

Punishments in Puritan Society Stocks and Pillory The most common form of punishment. Made of two heavy wooden planks with holes cut out to hold the ankles and wrists. Standing; had holes for the head and hands. The stocks were designed for the lower class Pillory was designed for the elite To add insult to injury _____ ______________________.

Cont’d Letter-Wearing Letters sewn onto a criminal's clothes. Represent specific crimes. "T" would stand for "thief" "D" would stand for "drunk in public." "A” ____________________________ Not always just sewn into clothes…

Cont’d The Dunking Stool Reserved for wives who were deemed disrespectful and women known for gossip. Plank of wood (like a see-saw) Stool strapped to the end, where the woman would be tied, and placed over water Number of dunks based on the level of offense Some _______________

Cont’d Whipping and Brutal Punishments Grave offense -> whipping. 20-40 lashes. Highest number on record was ___. A crime considered especially heinous was speaking against the religion. Heretic – __________________ __________________________ Hot awl - __________________ __________________________ Banishment - _______________ __________________________ Execution - _________________ __________________________