Industry Industry Standard Grade Geography The Human Environment

Why study industry?  Some of the most obvious parts of any town are its factories, and some of the most striking parts of the countryside are its quarries and mines.  They might not be the most attractive sights, but they are an important part of the landscape.  Geography studies landscapes.

What do I need to know for standard grade?  The different types and sectors of industry.  The reasons why industry sets up in a particular location.  How the government affects industry.  Why the location of industries change over time.  The effects on the local area of an industrial site opening or closing.

You will also need to know the following enquiry skills:  How to gather information on industry – by observing recording, and by field sketching.  How to process this information – by drawing pie-graphs and by annotating field sketches.

Definition  The work people do for a living (profit) is called industry.

Types of work Teaching Different Types of Industry

Types of work Now you have a list of different jobs and industries try and categorise them. Are there any that go together? What makes them similar?

Classification of industry (1)  Primary Industry – extractive industries which produce raw materials such as farming, mining and fishing.

Classification of industry (2)  Secondary Industry – manufacturing industries (where raw materials are processed into finished products such as steel making and brewing).  Assembling industries (where components are put together such as car and computer assembly).  Power producing industries such as where fuel from oil and coal is used to generate electricity.

Classification of industry (3)  Tertiary Industry – service industries which involve no finished product. But provide personal services to the community, such as teaching and the police force.

Classification of industry (4)  Quaternary Industry – Information and office based industries such as finance, insurance, computer software and internet services.

Lesson Starter  Look at the list of jobs you put down last week.  Make a copy of the table on the next slide and put the jobs in the correct columns. Add in more to each one when you are done.

Can you classify the group industries? PrimaryManufacturingServiceQuaternary

The Industrial System INPUTSPROCESSESOUTPUTS Raw materials Water Land Energy Capital Labour Research and Development Design Management Processing Assembly Manufacturing Packaging Marketing Sales Distribution Transport Feedback

What goes into an industrial system  Pick 2 of the industries you thought of.  Make sure they are from different sectors (i.e one Primary Industry and one Secondary Industry)  Make a list of Inputs, Processes and Outputs for each of your industries.

Industrial system for: Mobile phones INPUTSPROCESSESOUTPUTS Phone parts Technology Energy Capital Labour Research and Development Management Assembly Manufacturing Packaging Marketing Sales Distribution Transport Feedback

Industrial system for: McDonalds INPUTSPROCESSESOUTPUTS Food Energy Capital Labour Restaurant Management Cooking Assembly (of food) Packaging Cleaning Customer service Marketing Sales Distribution Brand Feedback

Location of industry  What do you think would be important factors when deciding where an industry should be located?  Take 2 minutes write down your ideas.

Industrial Location (1)  Primary Industries Found at the source of the raw material, for example, where there are minerals to be mined, fish to be caught or land to be farmed. Usually close to transport links. (Roads, Rail, Canal/River)

Industrial Location (2)  Service Industries Most service industries are found in towns and cities where many people live. This gives them a work force and a market to sell to.

Industrial Location (3)  Quaternary Industries Most quaternary industries are found in towns and cities where many people live. But some quaternary industries can be located wherever there is a computer modem.

Location of the manufacturing industry (1)  Deciding on the location of the manufacturing industry is more difficult. Many important factors must be taken into account. What factors do you think need to be taken into account?

Location of the manufacturing industry (2) Is there a labour supply nearby? Is there flat land? Is there a power supply? Are there good transport facilities? We need to be near raw materials. We need to be near customers.

Your turn  Read page 54 & 55 of the Human Environment Book.  Answer all the core questions  Read the extension text (page 59) answer the extension questions (1-3) on page 60.