By: Katherine Plessy, Jordan Colston, Kendall Lake, Olivia Baddour, Becca Manzo, Melissa McDonald, Sabina Deovic and Rashika Jaipuriar

What are Tides? Tides are the daily rise and fall Earth’s waters on its coastlines. As the tide comes in the level of the water on the beach rises gradually. When the water reaches its highest point it is high tide. When the water reaches its lowest point it is low tide. Tides occur in all bodies of water but are most noticeable in the ocean and in large lakes

The Lure of the Moon The relationship between the Moon and tides were first discovered 2000 years ago by a Greek explorer named Pytheas. But, Pytheas and other early investigators couldn’t explain the what caused the tides. But, Pytheas and other early investigators couldn’t explain the what caused the tides. There was no scientific explanation until Sir Isaac Newton’s theory on the principle of gravity, which was published in 1687.

What Causes Tides? Tides are caused by interaction of the earth’s, the moon’s, and the sun’s gravity. As the distance between the moon and sun increases, gravity’s pull grows weaker. Even though the sun is much larger than the Moon, it has less effect on the tides because it is so much further away.

What causes Tides (2) The moon’s gravity pull’s on all the particles of the earth, but it is more noticeable on liquids than solids because liquid moves more easily.

What Causes Tides (3) The water on the side closest to the Moon is pulled more strongly than the center of the Earth.The water on the side closest to the Moon is pulled more strongly than the center of the Earth. The water on the side farthest from the moon is pulled less strongly.The water on the side farthest from the moon is pulled less strongly. So as the center of the Earth moves slightly closer to the moon, this water is left behind, forming a second bulge on the opposite side from the moon.So as the center of the Earth moves slightly closer to the moon, this water is left behind, forming a second bulge on the opposite side from the moon.

What Causes Tides (4) In the places where there are tidal bulges (farthest and closest to the moon) high tide is occurring around the coastlines.In the places where there are tidal bulges (farthest and closest to the moon) high tide is occurring around the coastlines. In the places between the bulges, low tide is occurring.In the places between the bulges, low tide is occurring.

Video clips about the battle of the bulge!!! Video clips about the battle of the bulge!!!

The Daily Tide Cycle As Earth turns completely around once each day, people on or near the shore see the rise and fall of tides at the area of the tidal bulge The high tides happen about twelve hours and twenty- five minutes apart in each location In some places, two high tides and two low tides are easy to see each day

Tidal Range The difference between low and high tides. Depends on the location, shape of shoreline, and other local conditions. Some places, like the Bay of Fundy in Canada have extreme tidal ranges.

Spring Tides Twice a month, at the new moon and the full moon, the sun and the moon are lined up Their combined gravitational pull produces the greatest range between high and low tide called a spring tide They get their names not because they occur in spring, but from an old English word, Springen, which means “to jump.”

Neap Tides When the sun, Earth and moon form a right angle, there is a neap tide. These are tides with the smallest daily tidal range. Occurs during the first and third quarters of the moon, or between the spring tides. The gravitational forces on earth by the sun and moon are working against each other

Bay of Fundy

Tides and Topography Movements of water called tidal bores occur in coastal areas that have narrow inlets. Tidal bore- body of water that rushes up through a narrow bay, estuary, or river channel during the rise of high tide and causes a very sudden tidal raise.