What is an aircraft? ? ?? ?

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What are some different kinds of aircraft? ? ?? ?

Commercial planes Military planesPersonal planes Gliders Hot air balloons Helicopters

How do these things fly? -Birds -Kites -Hot Air Balloons -Gliders -Planes -Helicopters -People ? ?? ?

Birds: -are lightweight -have hollow bones -have feathers

Source: -“What keeps a kite in the air? -A kite uses the power of the wind to keep it up. The wind goes against the pull of the string and supports the kite in the air. An ordinary bow kite flies by directing the breeze downward so the kite is pushed upward. The kite’s tail helps to stabilize it and keep it flying smoothly.”

? ?? ? How does a hot air balloon fly?

-Burner heats air (~212 O ); hot air rises, lifting the balloon (think about your house in the summer) -People ride in the basket -To come back down, they stop heating the air. -Best early and late, when winds are calm Source, text: “Charlie Brown’s Third Super Book of Questions and Answers”, 1978, p. 98 and Source, picture:

? ?? ? Who created the first hot air balloon?

-Joseph and Jacques Montgolfier (ZHOCK mawn-gawl-FYAY) -1782, in France -Saw smoke always going up chimneys -Their balloon rose from smoky air. -We now know it’s the heat, not the smoke, that makes air rise. Source: “Charlie Brown’s Third Super Book of Questions and Answers”, 1978, p. 98.

? ?? ? Who was the first person to fly?

-First person to fly: Pilatre de Rozier on October 13, 1783 flew up to 80 feet high, for 4 ½ minutes -Likely would have flown higher if the balloon wasn’t held down by a rope Source: “Charlie Brown’s Third Super Book of Questions and Answers”, 1978, p. 100.

! !! ! Balloons come in many shapes and sizes!!!

? ?? ? How high can balloons fly?

-Weather balloons help forecast the weather -They usually fly up to 100,000 feet high >25 miles high -Often filled with hydrogen -Twice a day ~ 800 locations send up weather balloons Source:

Iphone in space - brooklyn space program by iphoneinspaceiphoneinspace YouTube: Run time: 6:59 >100,000 feet high, to the edge of space … sometimes with an iPhone attached!!!

? ?? ? What first replaced balloons?

-Dirigibles (DIR-ij-uh-bels) first flew in Looked like huge footballs -Top speed ~ 6mph -Zeppelins were huge dirigibles -Regularly flew across the Atlantic -Carried >34,000 passengers without incident -The Hindenberg crash changed that. Source, text: “Charlie Brown’s Third Super Book of Questions and Answers”, 1978, pp Source, pictures: USS Akron (ZRS-4)USS Akron (ZRS-4) in flight on 2 November 1931 USS Akron over Manhattan island circa 1932Manhattan

? ?? ? What are blimps used for today?

-Mostly for birds-eye views of sporting events Source:

? ?? ? Around the world… in a balloon… nonstop???

Around the world nonstop: Mar. 7-21, days in a balloon! Bertrand Piccard and Brian Jones flew the Breitling Orbiter to capture the Budweiser Cup Source:

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One record remains to be set: Piloting a balloon… Around the world… Nonstop… SOLO. Do you have what it takes to set that record?

? ?? ? How does a parachute work? Who invented it?

-Like a big umbrella, the parachute pushes against air to slow down -Inventor? Nobody knows for sure. -Chin Shih Huang Ti ruled China ~ 2,100 years ago. He liked jumping off the Great Wall with an umbrella!!! -Sebastien Lenormand build a 14-fot chute in 1783 Source, text: “Charlie Brown’s Third Super Book of Questions and Answers”, 1978, p. 104 Source, picture:

? ?? ? What is a paratrooper?

-Soldiers trained in parachuting, who generally operate as an airborne force. -All US military begin training at the U.S. Army Airborne School, at Ft. Benning, Georgia. -For three weeks soldiers are trained by the "Black Hats" of the 1-507th Parachute Infantry Regiment. Source: and the Scott Air Force Base’s Air over Mid-America 2010 Air Show

? ?? ? What is the highest jump in a parachute… (from a balloon!!!) ?

-Aug. 16, Captain Joe Kittinger rode a balloon to 102,800 feet to test a new parachute design. -He rocketed downward for 13 minutes… … at over 700 miles per hour -“Then I roll over on my back and find an eerie sight. The white balloon contrasts sharply against the black sky.” Source, text: “Around at Last!” National Geographic, September, 1999, p. 48. Source, picture:

? ?? ? What is a sky diver?

-Sky divers jump out of airplanes, going stunts for a minute or more before opening their parachutes. -They loop, turn, barrel roll, and more. -They sometimes do their acrobatics in a group of skydivers. -Skydivers can float at over 200 miles per hour!!! Source, text: “Charlie Brown’s Third Super Book of Questions and Answers”, 1978, p. 106 Source, picture:

? ?? ? What do you need to be a sky diver or paratrooper?

-Courage -Dedication -Canvas for the chute -Ropes for control -Harness… to keep you from falling out! -Courage -Dedication

It’s time to… Make a Sky Diver!!!