Pictures/Examples 9 th Grade Math Vocab Definition Picture/Description Word

Pictures/Examples FunctionNot a Function Function A relation that assigns exactly one value in the range to each value of the domain One-to-one mapping

Pictures/Examples Independent quantity A variable that provides the input values of a function. Usually “Time” is.. xy This side of the table x y The x-axis This side of the graph

Pictures/Examples Dependent quantity A variable that provides the output values of a function. xy Pictures/Examples This side of the table Usually “Distance” is.. x y This side of the graph The y-axis

Pictures/Examples Domain The possible values for the input, or the independent variable, of a function. xf(x) This side of the table From -4 to 3 Pictures/Examples

Range The possible values for the output, or dependent variable, of a function. xy From 0 to 4 This side of the table

Pictures/Examples Continuous Data where numbers between any two data values have meaning. Temperature, length, or weight Yes No

Pictures/Examples Discrete Data that involve a count of items. Number of people or number of cars No Yes

Pictures/Examples Intercepts (x- and y-) The x- or y- coordinate of the point where a line crosses the x- or y- axis. This is the y- one This is the x- one Where the graph hits the x- or the y- axis. (3, 0) is an x- one (0, 3) is a y- one

Pictures/Examples Yes No Linear An equation or function whose graph forms a straight line. y = 2x + 5: YES y = x 2 – 3: NO

Pictures/Examples Parent function A family of functions is a group of functions with common characteristics. A parent function is the simplest function with these characteristics. y = x y = x 2 y = Linear one Quadratic one

Pictures/Examples Slope The ratio of the vertical change to the horizontal change. “m” “down 3, over 5” is

Pictures/Examples Slope- intercept form A linear equation of a nonvertical line written as y = mx + b, where m is the slope and b is the y- intercept. y = 3x + 2: YES y – 2 = 3x: NO b m

Pictures/Examples Point-slope form A form of a linear equation, where m is the slope and is a point on the line. (Holt Algebra 2 Textbook) Point: Slope:

Pictures/Examples Standard Form (of a line) A form of a linear equation, where A, B, and C are integers. 5x + 6y = 30 The form this equation is in.

Pictures/Examples Inequality A mathematical sentence that compares the values of two expressions using an inequality symbol. x > 1

Pictures/Examples System of equations Two or more equations using the same variables.

Pictures/Examples Factor(s) of a polynomial A simplified polynomial that divides evenly into the larger given polynomial. x 2 – 4 = (x – 2)(x + 2) (x + 2) and (x – 2) are the examples.

Pictures/Examples Parameter changes The resulting graph of a function when the function’s parameters are changed. The higher one is f(x) = x 2 and the lower one is f(x) = x 2 – 3. Translates right (shift it right) Translates left (shift it left) Translates down (shift it down) Translates up (shift it up) “Makes it wider” “Makes it narrower” “y = 5x is steeper than y = 3x” “y = x + 7 is 2 units higher than y = x + 5”

Pictures/Examples Polynomial A monomial or the sum or difference of two or more monomials. A quotient with a variable in the denominator is not a polynomial. NO YES2x 2, 3x + 7, 28, and – 7x 3 – 2 x are all examples.

Pictures/Examples Quadratic function A function of the form y = ax 2 + bx + c, where The graph of a quadratic function is a parabola, a U-shaped curve that opens up or down. y = 2x 2 + 3x + 1

Pictures/Examples Quadratic equation An equation you can write in the standard form ax 2 + bx + c = 0. A quadratic equation can have two, one or no real solutions.

Pictures/Examples Factor(s) of a polynomial A simplified polynomial that divides evenly into the larger given polynomial. x 2 – 4 = (x – 2)(x + 2) (x + 2) and (x – 2) are the examples.

Pictures/Examples Vertex The highest or lowest point on a parabola. The axes of symmetry intersects the parabola at the vertex This point (0, – 4) This point (0, 3)

Pictures/Examples Zeroes (solutions, roots, x-intercepts ) The x-intercepts of the graph of a function. These points Where 5x + 2 = 0 Where 2x =0

Pictures/Examples Perimeter The distance around an object. 7 ft 4 ft 6 ft 5 ft Answer would be 32 ft What I would need to know about my farm if I want to build a fence around it. What I would need to know about my blanket if I want to sew ruffle trim around it. What I need to know about my room if I want to nail crown trim the ceiling with crown moulding.

Pictures/Examples Area The amount of space (measured in squares) inside an object. 7 ft 4 ft 6 ft 5 ft Answer would be 100 ft 2 What I would need to know about my farm if I want to plant corn all over it. What I would want to know about a blanket if I want to buy cotton material to make it. What I need to know about my room if I want to install carpet. What I need to know about my wall if I want to paint it.

Pictures/Examples y varies “directly” with x y = kx, where k is any number except 0. For example, y = 3x In this example, “I make $7.50 an hour”, dollars and hours are related in this way A line that passes through the origin

Pictures/Examples y varies “indirectly” with x y =, where k is any number except 0. For example, y = As speed decreases, time increases The time spent exercising vs. your weight

Pictures/Examples Positive y-intercept of a graph When the graph crosses the y-axis above y = 0. When b in y = mx + b is positive.

Pictures/Examples Negative y-intercept of a graph When the graph crosses the y-axis below y = 0. When b in y = mx + b is negative. y-int = -5

Pictures/Examples Ordered Pair (x, y) A way to locate points on a grid or map Are used to show the position on a graph, where the "x" (horizontal) value is first, and the "y" (vertical) value is second. Written in the form (x, y)

Pictures/Examples Horizontal near, on, or parallel to the horizon Intersects at a right angle with a vertical line A object in this direction is sometimes referred to as “flat”

Pictures/Examples Vertical Direction that goes straight up and down, parallel to the y- axis of the coordinate plane the direction aligned with the direction of the force of gravity The line test in this direction tells whether a graph is a function or not.