Introduction to Physical Science Monday, Wednesday, Thursday Tom Burbine

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Presentation transcript:

Introduction to Physical Science Monday, Wednesday, Thursday Tom Burbine

Atoms Atoms are made up of 3 types of particles Protons – positive charge (+1) Electrons – negative charge (-1) Neutrons – neutral charge (no charge) Protons and Neutrons are found in the nucleus

Elements Different elements have different numbers of protons The properties of an atom are a function of the electrical charge of its nucleus

Definitions Atomic Number – Number of protons Atomic Mass – Number of protons and neutrons U 235 – atomic mass 92- atomic number Isotopes – Same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Periodic Table A chart in which all known elements are listed in order of atomic number

Period – Horizontal row Across any period, the properties of elements change Group – Vertical column Down any group, the properties of elements are very similar

Bohr’s Planetary Model Electrons orbit the nucleus in specific energy levels Level n=1 is closest to nucleus Level n=2 is second closest

Shell Model Electrons behave as they are arranged in a series of concentric shells around the nucleus Innermost shell can contain 2 electrons The second and third shells can contain 8 electrons each The fourth and fifth shells can contain 18 electrons each

Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell These electrons participate in chemical bonding

Any Questions?