Earth’s Human Geography

Where do People Live?

Key Terms Population  Total number of people Population Distribution  Way population is spread throughout earth Demographer  People who study world’s population Population Density  Average number of people per square mile

Can you guess the top 10 most populated countries in the world?

1.China 1,336,718,015 2.India 1,189,172,906 3.USA 313,232,044 4.Indonesia 245,613,043 5.Brazil 203,429,773 6.Pakistan 187,342,721 7.Bangladesh 158,570,535 8.Nigeria155,215,573 9.Russia 138,739, Japan 126,475,664

What is population distribution? Why is it uneven?

Why is Population Distribution Uneven? People are choosy What determines a good location 1.Rivers and Lakes 2.Flat, fertile soil 3.Flat plains and coastal areas 4.Reasonable climate 5.Adequate rainfall 6.Natural resources for building and producing

89% of people live on which 3 continents in the world?

Continents Populous and not Populous Asia, Europe, North America  They total only 53% of the world’s land Why do you think this is?

Continents Populous and Not Populous Other Continents have smaller population because:  Bad climate  Not enough rainfall  Bad land quality

 Example: Australia: roughly size of USA Population of Australia: 19 million Population of USA: 301 million *Population of Australia is about the population of New York*

Australia Australia’s Physical Features  Mostly dessert  Dry Grassland  Little Rainfall and Few Rivers

Africa 20% of the world’s land 13% of the worlds population What type of land and climate does Africa have?

What is population density?

Average number of people who live in a square mile

Population Density Population density varies from every city and country High density: people are crowded together  Example: Japan: 25,000 people per sq/mi Low density: people are not crowded  Example: Canada: 9 people per sq/mi  Why do you think this is?

Studying Population Density Population Density is an average  Example: New York City: very dense population New York State: many fewer people per sq/mi

Studying Population Density World population map  Darker colors: heavy population  Lighter colors: less population

Studying Population Density People tend to live on level areas near bodies of water Example: Nile River  Location: Africa  Land around the Nile: high population  Land not near the Nile: Low population Why do you think this is?

Studying Population Density Some people do live in “uncomfortable areas” Examples:  Inuit and Sami live in frozen Arctic Regions  Herders in desert regions of Africa and Asia These people have developed ways of life suited to their environments Why do you think this is?

Lets Review….. 1.Define: A.Population B.Population distribution C.Demographer D.Population density 2.How do physical characteristics of a country (land type, access to water) affect its population distribution? 3.Why is it important to understand population density as an average? 4.A large percentage of the world’s population lives on a small percentage of the worlds land. Why is this? 5.Would you rather live in a place where the population density is high or low? Explain. 6.Name a city, country and continent with a dense population

A GROWING POPULATION

Key Terms Birthrate  Number of live births each year per 1000 people Death rate  Number of deaths each year per 1000 people Life expectancy  Average number of years people live Green Revolution  Changes in agriculture since the 1950’s that have greatly increased the world’s food supply

Population Growth is Worldwide 1960: World Population was 3 billion 2000: World Population was 6 billion 9/22/11 at 1:27pm: World Population is:7,147,717, 709 What are the top 3 most populated countries in the world?

Population Birthrate and Death rate Population grew at different rates throughout history Population grown depends on birthrate and death rate 100 years ago in USA: men and women lived less than 50 years. Why do you think that happened?

Reasons for Population Growth Today Birthrate increased and Death Rate slowed US: average life expectancy for women is 80 and men is 73 Reasons for this:  New Farming Methods  Scientific advancement in medicine and health

The Challenges of Population Growth 1.Shortage of fresh water 2.Shortage of food supply 3.Shortage of energy 4.Job shortage 5.Overcrowded schools 6.Decent housing is scarce and expensive 7.Public transportation and sanitation inadequate

The Challenges of Population Growth Most visible in South Asia Home to ¼ of world’s population Also home to ¼ of world’s poor 1 out of every 14 children born will die before age one

The Challenges of Population Growth Rapid growth affects the environment  Forests in India and Pakistan are disappearing  Affects clean air supply The earth’s resources must now be shared by six times as many people than in earlier times.

Lets Review…. 1.Define: 1.Birthrate 2.Death rate 3.Life expectancy 4.Green Revolution 2.Why has the world’s population increased so dramatically in the last four or five decades? 3.How have science and technology contributed to the growing population? 4.The world’s population has been growing at a fast rate. What are some of the dangers of a rapidly increasing population? 5.World Hunger is one of the major concerns caused by rapid growth population. Write one or two suggestions to help solve the problem.

Why People Migrate

Key Terms 1.Migration: moving from one place to another 2.Immigrant: people who leave one country and move to another 3.“push-pull” theory: certain things in their lives “push” them to leave and certain things in a new place “pull” them. 4.Urbanization: movement of people to cities and the growth of cities 5.Rural area: villages and countryside areas 6.Urban area: cities and busy towns

Questions to Focus on…. 1.Why do people migrate? 2.What are some important population issues?

Migration: The Movement of People For centuries people have moved from one place to another Millions of immigrants come to US Push-Pull theory  Push: religion, land  Pull: Hope for a better living

Irish Immigrants in the USA 1840’s and 1850’s 1.5 million left Ireland for the USA  Why did they leave? Potato Famine 1840’s Hunger and Starvation England ruled Ireland harshly Few opportunities for job improvement

Vietnamese Immigrants to the USA Southeast Asia to USA Vietnam War, Communism caused many to flee Other countries would not accept these people but the USA did Push-Pull Theory:  Push: communism  Pull: USA welcoming immigrants

Did you or any members of your family or your ancestors immigrate to the US? Why?

Other Kinds of Immigration Australia: colonized by English; convicts sent there to serve sentences, some stayed War forces migration People helping their families forces migration Can you give an example of the two above?

The World Becomes more Urban Migration occurs within a country Americans migrate more than citizens of any other country Population shift in the US from northeastern states to southeastern and southwestern states. Problem: southwestern cities having enough water supply

The World Becomes More Urban Biggest challenge today: people moving from farms and small villages to cities Urbanization has grown What pushes people from rural areas? What pulls people to cities?

Growing Cities, Growing Challenges Indonesia  Past: many people were farmers, fishers and hungers They lived in rural areas  Present: they are now moving to urban areas *Example: Jakarta (capital of Indonesia) 1978: population 4.5 million 2000: population: 11 million 2015: population: expected 21 million

Waste Dump: Jakarta, Indonesia

Growing Cites, Growing Challenges Sao Paulo, Brazil  too many people coming too fast  Cities cannot provide: Housing Jobs Schools: crowded Hospitals Transportation: 4 million buses and cars pollute air Other services needed Fewer farms: less food Overcrowding everywhere: huge problem

Growing Cities, Growing Challenges If cities are so overcrowded, why would people still go there?  Seeking a better life  Looking for jobs  Looking for decent housing  Looking for good school  Most want more opportunities for children

Lets Review…. 1.Define: 1.Migration 2.Immigrant 3.Push-pull theory 4.Rural area 5.Urban area 2.What are some of the reasons why people migrate from place to place? 3.Why have some immigrants left their homelands to live in the United States? (list at least 3) 4.When too many people migrate from rural to urban areas, it can cause (problems). List at least 5 suggestions and ideas to help people decide whether to migrate to the city. 5.Visualize what it would be like to move to a city like Sao Paulo, Brazil 6.What questions would you like to ask someone who plans to migrate to a city from a rural area?