4.1 The Revolution Begins

Central Ideas = Main Ideas 1.The First Continental Congress demanded certain rights from Great Britain. 2.Armed Conflict between British soldiers and colonists broke out with the “shot heard ‘round the world.” 3.The Second Continental Congress created the Continental Army to fight the British. 4.In two early battles, the army lost control of Boston but then regained it.

First Continental Congress 1st Continental Congress -gathering of colonial leaders from all colonies except Georgia -encouraged colonists to continue boycotting goods -told colonial militias (volunteer soldiers) to prepare for war

1st Continental Congress -drafted Declaration of Rights- a list of 10 resolutions (complaints) to be presented to King George III -included “life, liberty, and property.” -did not ask to separate from England yet but fix the problems

“Shot Heard ‘round the World” British learned colonists were preparing for war - British General Gage decided to take colonists weapons stored in Concord -Boston spies including Paul Revere warned minutemen that the British were coming

Battles at Lexington and Concord -No one knows who fired this “shot heard ‘round the world.” -Battle of Lexington lasted only minutes -Eight minutemen were dead and 10 injured - The British had only one wounded & marched on to Concord

Battles of Lexington and Concord -Colonists warned that the British were coming -most of the weapons were hidden -British were frustrated & set fire to buildings -colonists responded by charging at the Redcoats -British retreated and suffered many casualties (injuries, deaths)

Second Continental Congress 2nd Continental Congress met in May King George III refused to fix complaints -Delegates (representatives) were not completely united -1st attempt at a Republican government Power to the people!!

Second Continental Congress Delegates didn’t agree & had to compromise -asked for new state constitutions -authorized the Massachusetts militia to become the Continental Army -George Washington would command army -Congress sent the Olive Branch Petition - final peace offering -King George III rejected it!!!

Early Battles Bunker Hill

Early Battles George Washington arrives in Boston Dorchester Heights -Washington orders Colonel Henry Knox to steal cannons from Fort Ticonderoga in the middle of winter -March 4, 1776 Washington moves to Dorchester Heights and forces British General Howe to retreat from Boston to Canada

Early Battles British General Howe, “The Rebels have done more in one night than my whole army could do in months.” The birthplace of the rebellion was now in the Patriot (colonists) hands.

First Continental Congress Goal - state the concerns of colonists to the king Patrick Henry VA encouraged colonists to fight for independence Result: Declaration of Rights 10 Resolutions including “life, liberty, and property.” closing Boston Harbor led to the... gathering of colonial leaders troubled by Britain’s relationship with colonies Patriot colonists who chose to fight for independence from Great Britain

“Shot Heard ‘round the World” April 19, 1775 British search weapons storehouse rumored to be in Concord Minutemen ready to fight in a minutes notice General Thomas Gage British called “Redcoats” color of uniforms Robert Newman warns Paul Revere and William Dawes British advance toward Concord by “sea”

Second Continental Congress Continental Army George Washington MA militia included soldiers from all colonies Commander Olive Branch Petition final attempt to restore harmony main issue - peaceful or violent solution

Early Battles Battle of Bunker Hill proved Patriots could take on the British Henry Knox - brings cannons from Fort Ticonderoga cannons make British retreat to Canada on March 7, 1776

Practice Quiz Number your paper Continental Congress 2.Patriots 3.Declaration of Rights 4.minutemen 5.Paul Revere 6.redcoats 7.Continental Army 8.George Washington 9.Olive Branch Petition 10.Battle of Bunker Hill

Chapter 4 Vocabulary Quizlet Quizlet