CLINICAL TEACHING Teaching Characteristics Teaching Behaviors Teaching Style Orientation Toward Students

Behaviors: u Available u Competent skills u Respect for students u Information for students on how to improve performance u Clear communication

Categories of Effective Teaching Behaviors u evaluating student performance u maintaining conditions for clinical learning u consideration for students u knowledge of dentistry u liking to teach u application of knowledge of dentistry u concern for teaching

Assessing Learning Styles u self directed or independent u constant direction u fact-oriented - student has little difficulty in recalling info. u concept-oriented - student has little difficulty in problem solving

Teaching Behaviors that: u psychologically enhance the role of the student u technically enhance the role of the instructor

CONTINGENCY a three part relationship between a stimuli, a response and a consequence

CONDITIONING(learning) u behavior is any kind of response; observable or unobservable u response is a reaction to a stimulus u stimuli are features of the total environment u consequence is a second stimulus u Therefore learning is the process of strengthening the association of the response to given stimuli

Respondent Conditioning u automatic response elicited by one stimulus u Pavlov’s dog u i.e., feelings, emotions, autonomic nervous system

Operant Conditioning u depends on subsequent effects of consequences u hungry animal presses lever and receives a food pellet; more

3 Categories of Contingencies

Reinforcement Contingency u Increases the probability of a behavior u “Reward” u Behavior will be repeated

Punishment Contingency u decreases the probability of a behavior u causing to inhibit u decrease or not repeat behavior

Extinction Contingency u when a responses met with no positive or negative properties other than the stimulus, then the behavior will likely be lost u i.e.., loosing money in a vending machine

stimulus - response - consequence Response generated stimuli are the basis for the chains of behaviors that underlie psychomotor learning.

stimulus - response - consequence When responses are reinforced the probability of them occurring in the future is increased.