U.S. History Standard 6 Review

Standard USHC-6: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the conflict between traditionalism and progressivism in the 1920s and the economic collapse and the political response to the economic crisis in the 1930s.

USHC-6.1 Explain the impact of the changes in the 1920s on the economy, society, and culture, including the expansion of mass production techniques, the invention of new home appliances, the introduction of the installment plan, the role of transportation in changing urban life, the effect of radio and movies in creating a national mass culture, and the cultural changes exemplified by the Harlem Renaissance. Explain the impact of the changes in the 1920s on the economy, society, and culture, including the expansion of mass production techniques, the invention of new home appliances, the introduction of the installment plan, the role of transportation in changing urban life, the effect of radio and movies in creating a national mass culture, and the cultural changes exemplified by the Harlem Renaissance.

Standard 6.1 The Roaring Twenties and the Great Depression Mass ProductionHenry FordAssembly Line Transportation Automobile Aviation made travel easy movement to the Suburbs Charles Lindberg (Pilot) New InventionsHousehold appliances Installment BuyingBuying with CreditPeople purchased things they could not need

Standard 6.1 The Roaring Twenties and the Great Depression Harlem Renaissance Langston HughesAn outpouring of African-American literature, art, and poetry The “Lost Generation”Called American Cultural values into question F. Scott Fitzgerald The Great Gatsby Ernest Hemingway/Farewell to Arms EntertainmentRadio & MoviesKDKA Movies like Birth of a Nation influenced cultural attitudes.

USHC-6.2 Explain the causes and effects of the social change and conflict between traditional and modern culture that took place during the 1920s, including the role of women, the “Red Scare,” the resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan, immigration quotas, Prohibition, and the Scopes trial. Explain the causes and effects of the social change and conflict between traditional and modern culture that took place during the 1920s, including the role of women, the “Red Scare,” the resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan, immigration quotas, Prohibition, and the Scopes trial.

“Red Scare” Caused by the Rise of Communist Caused by the Rise of Communist Countries in Europe Palmer Raids arrested alleged communists Palmer Raids arrested alleged communists New wave of American nativism New wave of American nativism

Resurgence of the KKK New hatred focused on the immigrants New hatred focused on the immigrants Geographic shift to the Northern States Geographic shift to the Northern States

Immigration Polices limited immigration in the 1920’s Polices limited immigration in the 1920’s Asian immigrants were banned Asian immigrants were banned Eastern and Southern European immigrants were limited Eastern and Southern European immigrants were limited

Role of Women Flappers Flappers Women that revolted against the Victorian IdealWomen that revolted against the Victorian Ideal 19 th Amendment gave women the right to vote 19 th Amendment gave women the right to vote Same jobs but less pay than men Same jobs but less pay than men

Prohibition Temperance movement Temperance movement Leads to the development of organized crime Leads to the development of organized crime 18th Amendment prohibited alcohol 18th Amendment prohibited alcohol Repealed by the 21st Amendment Repealed by the 21st Amendment

Scopes Trial Scopes fined for teaching Evolution Scopes fined for teaching Evolution Religious Fundamentalism Religious Fundamentalism Evolution is against GOD-secular Evolution is against GOD-secular Called the “Monkey”Trial Called the “Monkey”Trial FACT: The phrase, “Monkey Trial,” was coined by H.L. Mencken, a reporter covering the trial for the Baltimore Sun.

USHC-6.3 Explain the causes and consequences of the Great Depression, including the disparities in income and wealth distribution; the collapse of the farm economy and the effects of the Dust Bowl; limited governmental regulation; taxes, investment; and stock market speculation; policies of the federal government and the Federal Reserve System; and the effects of the Depression on the people. Explain the causes and consequences of the Great Depression, including the disparities in income and wealth distribution; the collapse of the farm economy and the effects of the Dust Bowl; limited governmental regulation; taxes, investment; and stock market speculation; policies of the federal government and the Federal Reserve System; and the effects of the Depression on the people.

The Great Depression “Easy Money” PoliciesOverconsumptionStock Market Speculation During the 1920s, the Federal Reserve kept interest rates low, which encouraged borrowing. Consumers borrowed money to pay for new appliances and other consumer goods, purchasing these items on the credit. Since the stock market was doing so well, many people borrowed money to speculate in the market. Borrowing money to invest in stocks is called buying on the margin. By the late 1920s, consumers had so much debt that they could no longer pay for expensive consumer goods, which lowered demand. This resulted in overproduction, resulting in decreased profits for companies. STOCK MARKET CRASH (1929)

The Great Depression “Hoovervilles”The Dust BowlUnemploymentBanks Shantytowns were the homeless lived Severe drought in the Midwest 25% of the population was unemployed Banks failed because of the crash and the run on the banks President Herbert Hoover tried many things, such as increasing tax rates and the tariff, but his efforts failed to bring about recovery. Hoover rejected the idea of Direct Relief (payments from the government to individuals).

USHC-6.4 Analyze President Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal as a response to the economic crisis of the Great Depression, including the effectiveness of New Deal programs in relieving suffering and achieving economic recovery, in protecting the rights of women and minorities, and in making significant reforms to protect the economy such as Social Security and labor laws. Analyze President Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal as a response to the economic crisis of the Great Depression, including the effectiveness of New Deal programs in relieving suffering and achieving economic recovery, in protecting the rights of women and minorities, and in making significant reforms to protect the economy such as Social Security and labor laws.

The New Deal Franklin D. Roosevelt Franklin D. Roosevelt Wife: Eleanor Roosevelt Wife: Eleanor Roosevelt The “First 100 Days” The “First 100 Days” Bank Holiday Bank Holiday

The New Deal The “Three R’s” of the New Deal: Reform Recovery Relief

FDR’s Alphabet Soup AgencyIssue addressed AAA approved loans to farmer and paid farmers subsidies to not grow certain crops to keep prices high FDICinsured bank deposits up to $100, to prevent people from withdrawing money during panic NRApassed to bolster industrial prices and prevent U.S. business failures. Also created the Public Works Administration which constructed dams, highways, and bridges SECestablished to regulate the stock market and prevent unfair trading practices TVATVA built dams to create jobs and bring cheap electricity to parts of the South

SECOND NEW DEAL LEGISLATION AgencyIssue Addressed NLRB created a board to monitor unfair business practices like firing workers for joining labor unions. Established by the Wagner Act SSACreated Social Security which established retirement income for workers when they reached 65.

African Americans and the New Deal African American workers were typically the last hired and the first fired, leading to black workers suffering from a much higher level of unemployment (50%) than whites (25%). Although FDR took little official action to combat racial discrimination, black voters began to align themselves with Roosevelt’s Democratic Party in the 1930s. Before the New Deal, African American voters had typically supported the Republican Party. African American workers were typically the last hired and the first fired, leading to black workers suffering from a much higher level of unemployment (50%) than whites (25%). Although FDR took little official action to combat racial discrimination, black voters began to align themselves with Roosevelt’s Democratic Party in the 1930s. Before the New Deal, African American voters had typically supported the Republican Party.

Women and the New Deal Many of the New Deal successes did not address labor problems that were faced by women Many of the New Deal successes did not address labor problems that were faced by women