Chapter 8: Photosynthesis Energy and Life

What is Chemical Energy? What is energy? – The ability to do work – Energy comes in many different forms – Examples? What is chemical energy? – Energy that is stored in chemical bonds – When bonds are broken, energy is released Energy can change forms, based on what it is needed for – Examples?

What is ATP? – Adenosine Triphosphate Stores energy and gives off energy Composition – 1. Adenine= A nitrogen base – 2. Ribose= A complex sugar – 3. 3 Phosphate groups= This is what allows the energy to be stored or released

What is ADP? – Adenosine Diphosphate Helps to store energy Composition – 1. Adenine – 2. Ribose – 3. 2 Phosphate groups ADP waits around for extra energy that needs to be stored When storage is needed, a phosphate group will be added to turn ADP into ATP

What is ATP used for? Short Term Storage – ATP is great at giving off short bursts of energy – This means for activities that require a couple seconds of work Long Term Storage – Since ATP is used for short term storage only, organisms need other substances for long term storage – Sugar glucose molecules Cells store energy in the form of glucose When energy for long term activities is needed, glucose gets broken down into ATP (Cellular Respiration)

What is Photosynthesis? Photosynthesis – Used by plants and other autotrophs – Sunlight is used to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbohydrates such as sugar