Psy B07 Chapter 1Slide 1 BASIC CONCEPTS. Psy B07 Chapter 1Slide 2  Population  Random Sampling  Random Assignment  Variables  What do we do with.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
CHAPTER TWELVE ANALYSING DATA I: QUANTITATIVE DATA ANALYSIS.
Advertisements

Introduction to Statistics
QUANTITATIVE DATA ANALYSIS
Introduction to Statistics
Chapter 1: Introduction to Statistics
AP Statistics Overview and Basic Vocabulary. Key Ideas The Meaning of Statistics Quantitative vs. Qualitative Data Descriptive vs. Inferential Statistics.
Chapter 4 Hypothesis Testing, Power, and Control: A Review of the Basics.
Chapter 1: Introduction to Statistics
1 Basic Definitions Greg C Elvers, Ph.D.. 2 Statistics Statistics are a set of tools that help us to summarize large sets of data data -- set of systematic.
Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Chapter 1 An Introduction to Business Statistics.
Biostatistics Ibrahim Altubasi, PT, PhD The University of Jordan.
Initial Data Analysis DISTINCTIONS. Some Distinctions Population vs. Sample Descriptive vs. Inferential stats Variables Types of data  Quantitative versus.
Chapter 1 Introduction to Statistics. Statistical Methods Were developed to serve a purpose Were developed to serve a purpose The purpose for each statistical.
Slides to accompany Weathington, Cunningham & Pittenger (2010), Chapter 3: The Foundations of Research 1.
An Introduction to Statistics and Research Design
Distributions of the Sample Mean
Research Ethics:. Ethics in psychological research: History of Ethics and Research – WWII, Nuremberg, UN, Human and Animal rights Today - Tri-Council.
Copyright © 2013, 2009, and 2007, Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1 Statistics: The Art and Science of Learning from Data Section 1.2 Sample Versus Population.
What Are Statistics and What are They Used For?. Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, summarizing, analyzing, and making inferences from.
Introduction to Statistics. What’s it all about?  Why is statistical analysis important?  What all do we do with statistics?  What are the problems/limitations.
Unit 1 Sections 1-1 & : Introduction What is Statistics?  Statistics – the science of conducting studies to collect, organize, summarize, analyze,
Research Overview E. D. Bell. Introduction In the beginning of your program of study, you read about the role of research in educational psychology (Slavin,
Reasoning in Psychology Using Statistics Psychology
IMPORTANCE OF STATISTICS MR.CHITHRAVEL.V ASST.PROFESSOR ACN.
Introduction to Statistics Chapter 1. § 1.1 An Overview of Statistics.
Lecture VI Statistics. Lecture questions Mathematical statistics Sampling Statistical population and sample Descriptive statistics.
Introduction To Statistics
Chapter Eight: Quantitative Methods
History & Research Research Methods Unit 1 / Learning Goal 2.
Data I.
Chapter 1: Getting Started Section 1: Essential question: What is statistics?
Chapter 1: Intro to Social Psychology Part 3: Wed. Jan 21, 2015.
Chapter 1 Introduction 1-1. Learning Objectives  To learn the basic definitions used in statistics and some of its key concepts.  To obtain an overview.
Psychology 290 Lab #6 – Research Design Nov. 7-9 Descriptive Correlation Experimental Quasi-experimental.
Inferential Statistics Assoc. Prof. Dr. Şehnaz Şahinkarakaş.
STA248 week 121 Bootstrap Test for Pairs of Means of a Non-Normal Population – small samples Suppose X 1, …, X n are iid from some distribution independent.
Inferential Statistics Psych 231: Research Methods in Psychology.
Some Terminology experiment vs. correlational study IV vs. DV descriptive vs. inferential statistics sample vs. population statistic vs. parameter H 0.
July, 2001Guang Jin, Illinois State University Statistics in Applied Science and Technology Chapter 1: Variables and their Measurement.
Inferential Statistics
Overview of probability and statistics
Estimation Point Estimates Industrial Engineering
Probability and Statistics
Introduction to Statistics
Chapter 4: Studying Behavior
Observational Study vs. Experimental Design
Probability and Statistics
CHAPTER 2: PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH METHODS AND STATISTICS
PSY 325 TUTOR Lessons in Excellence -- psy325tutor.com.
1 Chapter 1: Introduction to Statistics. 2 Variables A variable is a characteristic or condition that can change or take on different values. Most research.
4.3: Using Studies Wisely.
Experimental Design.
The Nature of Probability and Statistics
Introduction to Statistics
Reasoning in Psychology Using Statistics
Estimation Point Estimates Industrial Engineering
Basic Statistical Terms
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Prem Mann, Introductory Statistics, 7/E Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons. All right reserved.
Gathering and Organizing Data
Reasoning in Psychology Using Statistics
The Nature of Probability and Statistics
Probability and Statistics
1.) Come up with 10 examples of how statistics are used in the real life. Be specific and unique. 2.) Video.
Chapter 1: Intro to Social Psychology
Reasoning in Psychology Using Statistics
Psychological Experimentation
10/22/ A Observational Studies and Experiments.
InferentIal StatIstIcs
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Prem Mann, Introductory Statistics, 7/E Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons. All right reserved.
Probability and Statistics
Presentation transcript:

Psy B07 Chapter 1Slide 1 BASIC CONCEPTS

Psy B07 Chapter 1Slide 2  Population  Random Sampling  Random Assignment  Variables  What do we do with the data? Outline

Psy B07 Chapter 1Slide 3 Population  The entire collection of events that you are interested in.  Although we wish to make claims about the entire population, it is often too large to deal with.  There are two ways of getting around this....

Psy B07 Chapter 1Slide 4 Random Sampling  Choose a subset of the population ensuring that each member of the population has an equivalent chance of being sampled.  Examine that sample and use your observations to draw inferences about the population.  Example : Voting polls, television ratings

Psy B07 Chapter 1Slide 5 Random Sampling  Note, however, that the inferences drawn are only as good as the randomness of the sample.  If the sample is not random, it may not be representative of the population. When a sample is not representative of its parent population, the external validity of any inferences is called into question.  Example : Most psychology experiments

Psy B07 Chapter 1Slide 6 Random Assignment  When studying the effects of some treatment variable, it is also important to randomly assign subjects to treatments.  Random assignment reduces the likelihood that groups differ in some critical way other than the treatment.

Psy B07 Chapter 1Slide 7 Random Assignment  If random assignment is not used then the internal validity of the experimental results may be compromised

Psy B07 Chapter 1Slide 8 Variables  Assume we have a random sample of subjects that we have randomly assigned to treatment groups.  Example: stop-smoking study

Psy B07 Chapter 1Slide 9 Variables  Now we must select the variables we wish to study, with the term variable referring to a property of an object or even that can take on different values.  Example: # of cigs smoked, abstinence after one week.  Note the distinction; # of cigarettes smoked is a continuous variable, whereas abstinence is a categorical variable.

Psy B07 Chapter 1Slide 10 Variables  Another distinction related to variables concerns variables we measure (dependent variables) versus variables we manipulate (independent variables).  For Example: Whether or not we give a subject the stop-smoking treatment would be the independent variable, and the # of cigarettes smoked would be a dependent variable.

Psy B07 Chapter 1Slide 11 What do we do with the data?  Descriptive Statistics are used to describe the data set.  Examples: graphing, calculating, averages, looking for extreme scores.

Psy B07 Chapter 1Slide 12 What do we do with the data?  Inferential Statistics allow you to infer something about the parameters of the population based on the statistics of the sample, and the various tests we perform on the sample.  Examples: Chi-Square, T-Tests, Correlations, ANOVA  NOTE: See sections in book on measurement scales.