Properties/Testing of Pulp and Paper PPT 110

Standards  Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry  Canadian Pulp & Paper Association–Technical Section  Scandinavian Pulp,Paper & Board Testing Comm.  American Society for Testing and Materials  British Paper & Board Makers Association  Australian Pulp & Paper Industry Technical Association

Why Test and Monitor? Process Control –Raw materials –Process variables within specified limits –Waste discharges –Fiber losses Quality Control –Establish and maintain standards –Control off-grade production Process Monitoring –Assess performance –Follow progress –Compare with other likes –Pinpoint problems Monetary Control –Establish cost breakdowns –Consideration of alternatives –Pinpoint high cost areas

Some Common Terms n – number of samples/test etc X – arithmetic mean or average Std. dev. – standard deviation from the average Sensitivity Readability Precision Accuracy

Sampling Proper Place and Time How it is taken Who takes it How much is needed Individual or Composite Training

Pulp Testing Fiber analysis Chemical Analysis Kappa for delignification and bleach requirement Viscosity – damage to the cellulose Drainability Color and Brightness Cleanliness Beater Evaluation

Paper Testing Conditioning of samples –23 deg C and 50% relative humidity –Equilibrium moisture content 7-9% for most paper –Standardized Two-sidedness Directionality – MD or CD Physical Testing –Basis wt, caliper, bulk density –Tensile, stretch, burst, tear, fold, stiffness –Air permeability, smoothness, porosity, pick –Water absorbency, cobb, inkline, hst, –Brightness, opacity, color, gloss Chemical Testing – like pH Aging