Cephalopods Mackenzie Mertz

Cephalopods Means “Head-Feet” in Greek Invertebrates There are two Different classes: The Tetrabranchia and The Dibranchia Only 400 species in existence

Cephalopods Cephalopods are free-swimmers Many lead the life of active hunters and scavengers Most active of all mollusks Some can swim as fast as fish Some have a chalky cuttlefish bone that can be used as a calcium supplement for birds and can be used for making toothpaste

Cephalopods Appeared first in the late Cambrian period several million years before the first primitive fish began swimming in the ocean Have fast growing rates and live 1-3 years Carnivorous Movement is cause by jet propulsion

Cephalopods Cephalopods are the largest of all mollusks Can range from a few inches to several feet In order to camouflage themselves they can change their color and body shape Most intelligent of all invertebrates Cephalopods include: octopi, nautiluses, squid and cuttlefish

Protection Have a sac that produces brown or purplish black ink that is used to ward off predators Can be used as a “Smoke Screen” Use camouflage, like the picture on the left

Habitat Can not tolerate freshwater; only live in saltwater Live in all of the earth’s moderate oceans; don’t live in polar or tropic oceans or seas

Dibranchia This group contains the squids, cuttlefishes, octopods and vampire squids Have one single gill Do not have a prominent shell or may not have one at all

Tetrabranchia Example: Nautilus External shell and two pairs of gills A sub-class of primitive mollusks

Giant Squid (Architeuthis) Can be 55 to 60 feet Second largest mollusk Feed on deep sea fish using tentacles Only predator is the Sperm Whale Live throughout the world’s oceans, but rare in the tropics and polar oceans

Cuttlefish Are fish but not mollusks Have internal shell Have eight arms and two tentacles Eat shrimp and are the prey of sharks and seals Live 1 to 2 years Can change color and emit an ink in order to protect themselves

Nautilus Often considered to be living fossils Have up to 90 tentacles The top shell is darker in color and the underside is lighter; this is their form of camoflauge Eat shrimp and small fish Normally found at 300 m; raise to 100m for feeding and egg laying

Octopus

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