March 8, 2016 Turn In: None Take Out: Mongol DBQ Follow-Up TTT Notes Chart (pink) Agenda: Course Request Process Mongol Legacy Han-Ming Connection Warm Up: None Objectives: * Contextualize the major dynasties in ancient Chinese history. * Recognize and develop an understanding of how contributions of ancient China have influenced the present world in terms of art and architecture, literature, belief systems, education, and government. Homework: 3/9: read China Resists Outside Influence - write a 5-question quiz (questions on front, and answers on back). Reading on website. 3/11: Imperial China Collapses Reading (Optional – on website) 3/18’ish: Possible East Asia Exam date

Barbarians or Civilized? What do you actually think? 3 best pieces of evidence for your cases Thesis statement: What is the legacy of the Mongols?

The Mongols Pastoral Nomads (herders). Goats, Horses, Cattle From the Steppe of Central Asia. Skilled horsemen. Spent their time looking for land to graze their animals…until…

Skilled horsemen Each Mongol soldier typically maintained 3 or 4 horses. Changing horses often allowed them to travel at high speed for days without stopping or wearing out the animals. Their ability to live off the land, and in extreme situations off their animals (horse’s blood and milk), made their armies far faster and less likely to starve. In some cases, as during the invasion of Hungary in early 1241, they covered up to 100 miles per day, which was unheard of by other armies of the time.

Mongol Tactics Fake Retreat. When attacking fortified towns: Mongols would send a small force to attack an enemy, then would pretend to be defeated, turn, and retreat. The enemy would follow them out of their town. The real Mongol army (which had been hiding) would then attack. Pincer Attack. When attacking enemy troops: The Mongols would send two smaller groups around to attack the main group from the side (flank).

Mongol Conquest of the Middle East The European Christian nations had been at war with Islam for years. – The Crusades ( s) Europeans could never hold on to the Holy Land. Islamic nations had been invading deeper into Europe since the 700s CE (Spain/Eastern Europe). The Mongols utterly destroyed Baghdad, Damascus, Aleppo, and other major Muslim cities.

The Pax Mongolica Globalization: good and bad Safety on the road One law/one set of taxes Increased trade Increased communication (Gunpowder, paper, silk, etc. to Europe) Increased transmission of diseases (The Black Plague) The Europeans thought that the Mongols would be an ally against the Muslims (not so much)

Discuss 1.Why are these trade routes important? 2.How did the Mongol conquest actually help trade?

History’s Mysteries! The Burial of Genghis Khan Died in 1227, at age 65 Horsemen trampled the ground over his tomb, and then planted a forest. Every one of the 2,000 people who attended his funeral was reportedly massacred by 800 soldiers. These 800 soldiers were then killed to ensure that his rest was undisturbed. We still don’t know where it is!

Historians’ crazy thesis The Mongols changed world history forever. The globalizing impact of the Mongol Empire (ideas, technologies, and even disease) brought Europe into its Age of Exploration, which led to world power.

The crazy thesis Basically: Without Genghis Khan, European nations would not have become the most powerful nations in the world from the1500 to the1900s. No Khan=No Modern World

Mongol Legacy Thesis Review On prompt? Did your group name a specific cause for a notable legacy? – Not “advanced civilization,” “largest empire,” “sophisticated civilization,” “expand and keep their power,” “lack of respect for foreigners.” – Yes to “cultural diversity,” “increased trade,” “syncretism,” “unity between conquered enemies,” “unifying varied population.”