China In the Context of the Cold War

China in the Cold War Context Learning Target -Analyze why two communist powers during the Cold War (China and the Soviet Union) did not get along.

What each Communist Nation brought to the Partnership d The Soviet Union -Industrial -Veteran -World Power -Nuclear China -Agricultural -Huge Population -Starting to Gain Power

How were Stalin and Mao similar? - Both countries experienced civil wars during their communist revolutions. - Both countries were large with huge populations. - Both countries purged (got rid of) their political enemies in their countries. - Both countries organized farms into collectives. - Both countries centered the government on one leader (cult of personality). - Both countries established totalitarian states.

Stalin and Mao’s Programs to Improve their Countries d Stalin 5 – Year Plans Purges of Political Enemies Mao Great Leap Forward Cultural Revolution

Getting Back to Stalin and Mao… Weren’t they just the perfect team? Again, think of all their similarities. Their common goals for their countries. And, according to The Communist Manifesto, probably the world. So, when I tell you, the Soviet Union and China soon became enemies, what would you tell me…… W e n t W r o n g ? !

It all Started with Khrushchev Khrushchev became the Soviet leader shortly after Stalin died. While Khrushchev wanted a strong Soviet Union, and communism, he did not agree with the way Stalin did things. -He immediately issued his policy of “de-Stalinization” (getting rid of the extreme public purges and cult of personality). -He started to back away from an extreme stance that the Soviet Union and any capitalist nation (like the U.S.) could never co- exist in the world long term (a principle in The Communist Manifesto ). -This made Mao question whether Khrushchev really supported communism, or just the Soviet Union…

Suspicion and Distrust Mao’s criticism of Khrushchev, and Khrushchev's unwillingness to assure Mao they were on the same page led to: -Mistrust, which led to: -Name-calling and arguing, which led to: -Public outbursts and debates, which led to: -Competition on the global scale…

They Fought and they Split Mao and Khrushchev’s countries faced off in many different forms – on many different stages. The whole world knew their alliance was over. -In 1960, the Soviet Union removed all aid and assistance to China. Including scientists who were helping China develop nuclear weapons , the two countries resumed an ancient border dispute that almost brought war : The Chinese attacked a Soviet embassy.

They Fought and they Split They started fighting around the world too. During the Cold War, many powers fought “proxy wars” – where they would send aid and sometimes troops to help the side they wanted to win (like U.S. involvement in Korea and Vietnam). China and the Soviet Union started doing this too – funding competing groups in the Middle East and in Asia.

They Fought and they Split Also, they started competing over the control and influence of different satellite states (and global conflicts in which they were involved). -Indochina -(Vietnam, -Cambodia) -Afghanistan