Do Now: Label the Provinces of Canada – British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Newfoundland, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island Label the Territories of Canada – Yukon, Northwest, Nunavut Label: – Montreal – Quebec City – Toronto – Victoria

Canada

History Native Americans, just like in the US, were found in Canada First Europeans to explore were Vikings – Between 1000 AD and mid 1300s – Left no permanent settlements More extensive exploration by Europeans in 1497 – John Cabot explored the coast of Newfoundland

Canada’s interior was explored by Jacques Cartier – In the 1530s, traveled up the St. Lawrence River – This was done a century before the colonies Goals for exploring Canada: 1.Wanted to find a water passage to Asia 2.Develop fur trading and fishing 3.Convert Indians to Roman Catholicism Permanent settlement founded in Quebec City Great Britain took over Nova Scotia and eventually forced the French out – Set up and organized into Provinces- 10 with 3 territories

Culture 31 million people French and British culture dominant ¼ live in province of Quebec, it is the French Canadian center of culture Montreal is the largest city of this province More than 90% of Canadians who speak French as a main language live in Quebec Roman Catholic is main religion French Canadians stay dominant: Everything is in French- Road signs, newspapers, businesses, etc..

Ontario- British heritage Bilingual Quebec and Ontario are the most dense areas and most economically developed The Atlantic Provinces (Hinterland) are away from major population centers – Less than 1/12 of population Forests, Tundra, and rocky plains claim most of the north – Covered in permafrost

Economy Most important trade partner is US Based on manufacturing and service industries Agriculture is important – Exporter of farm goods Atlantic Provinces: – Poorest region – Good for fishing

Quebec and Ontario- Heartland – Montreal: Quebec’s industrial and financial center Also a major port – Farming is important in both regions – Modern industrial societies Prairie Provinces – Wheat exporters – Mostly agricultural – Good for natural resources

British Colombia – Rich in natural resources – Forest production – Trade mainly with Pacific countries Canadian North – Deposits of metals, diamonds, and fossil fuels Major Urban Areas: – Toronto-largest city: 5 million – Montreal-3.5 million – Victoria- 2 million

Government Ties to Great Britain are still close British monarch is Canada’s monarch Democracy Prime Minister and Parliament (legislature) run the country