Russian Nuclear Boomerang to Europe. Challenges and Possible Solution Oleg Bodrov JSC Decommission General Director, St. Petersburg, Russia Risks and Responsibilities in EU Nuclear Projects Brussels, June 23, 2016

Nuclear Trend 32 =>33 reactors Sweden 12 – 2 = 10 Germany 6 – 6 = 0 Russia = 14 Finland = 6 Lithuania 2 – 2 +1? = 1? Belarus 2

Radium Institute n. a. V.G. Khlopin, St. Petersburg Contamination of seas and oceans by Cs -137 ( )

Health Condition Near MAYAK reprocessing facility km2 contaminated by Sr-90, Cs-137, Pu-238, 239; More victims; Cancer cases doubled over the past twenty years and reached 400 cases per 100 thousand people. (40 % more than in Europe); The number of congenital anomalies of children has reached 52.3 per 1,000 births in It is 55% more than in all Russia.

Russian Nuclear Site 70 km from EU

Percent of Genetically Aberration of Pine Tries Seeds Near LNPP

Chernobyl Nuclear Safety Standard (100 km ->40 km) corrected for St. Petersburg ( )

GoNGO – simulation of public participation in EIA of Leningrad NPP-2 4 public hearing about EIA and feasibility study + 6 “independent environmental examinations” = supported project Sosnovy Bor, St. Petersburg Region, July 17, 2007 “There are no impact” - the results of “The Independent EIA of Leningrad NPP-2” Mr. Grachev is an adviser of Rosatom Head & chairman of “Governmental “ NGO “All Russian Environmental Movement the Concrete Work”.

Conclusions 1. To lobby the equal environmental and public participation standards(in Russia and EU) for the export-import operations of nuclear electricity and technologies from Russia. 2. To lobby Russian ratification of Espoo Convention and to sign the Arhus Convention. 3. To stop spent fuel rods transportation between regions and countries. The regions (countries) - consumers of nuclear electricity must be responsible for the long time spent fuel storing. 4. Promotion of renewable energy and energy saving strategy for the BSR (EU and Russia);

THANKS! Oleg Bodrov, JSC Decommission International Decommission NGO Network,

Probability of the accidents during the NPPs life cycle

Plutonium registered 100 km from “MAYAK”

Ynisei River contamination (V. Khiznyak, nuclear regulatory inspection, Krasnoyarsk, 1994) Contamination of the Yenisei River man-made radionuclides from ZATO Zheleznogorsk above natural background can be detected on 1,500 km. Contamination of the Yenisei River man-made radionuclides from ZATO Zheleznogorsk above natural background can be detected on 1,500 km. Pu concentration up to 140 times above background levels. Pu concentration up to 140 times above background levels. “It is possible that some areas of Yenisei have contamination that may be classified as radioactive waste”. “It is possible that some areas of Yenisei have contamination that may be classified as radioactive waste”.

Thermo-pollution from LNPP

Average fish catch & Leningrad NPP fish impingement water intake facilities in tons/year

Russian Nuclear Towns (NT) 10 NPPs towns: residents, 10 NPPs towns: residents, nuclear town salary = 3 salary of the NPPs region- location. nuclear town salary = 3 salary of the NPPs region- location. 10 close nuclear towns (ZATO) = residents 10 close nuclear towns (ZATO) = residents Close nuclear town (ZATO) salary = 2 salary of the ZATO region-location. Population of 20 Russian nuclear towns = 1% of Russia Population of 20 Russian nuclear towns = 1% of Russia There are no transparency, no democracy There are no transparency, no democracy