 Goods or services that are not manufactured, but have some value to humans  Some examples:

 The rate of harvest or services produced from the natural capital.  Example: ◦ Cherry tree produces cherries ◦ Water cycle produces fresh water ◦ Photosynthesis creates oxygen

 Renewable: Living species in ecosystem which  Ex.  Non-Renewable: ◦ Using these will deplete a storage that will not be built up again ◦ Ex. Fossil fuels, minerals ◦ To prevent depletion we must  1.  2.  3.

 Replenishable: non-living resources which  Dependent on solar “engine” for renewal  Ex. Ozone layer, groundwater

 Economic Value:  Timber, crops…  Ecological Value: have no formal market price but. (Often taken for granted)  Photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation…  Aesthetic Value:

 Uranium is only recently valuable to humans because of nuclear technology  Value is applied from humans perspective  Gold is expensive but also serves little ecological benefit

 Goal is to support a society  “Living within the means of nature, on the interest generated by natural capital”  Sustainable development ◦ Brundtland report in “Our common future” 1987 ◦ Rio Earth Summit, Agenda

 Sustainable Yield (SY) is the (addition of individuals to population) The Earth does not have enough resources to support everyone at the rate of consumption enjoyed by the U.S. Europe, and Japan