Effects of the Civil War

Reconstruction Southern economy: ¼ all southern males DEAD! 3 million free slaves (no land, no jobs) “30 acres and a mule” ½ all livestock and farm equipment gone

RECONSTRUCTION

Facts on Reconstruction: - Southern States have no “voice” in government. No representation in the Senate/House of Representatives. - Blacks are not legally allowed to VOTE or OWN LAND. - Freed Slaves have NO money, No land, NO income, NO way to get ahead.

Reconstruction Questions: 1. What do we do with all the “free” black slaves? 2. How do we go back to a federal government, “for the people”… all people? 3. How do we rebuild the southern economy?

Congressional – Johnson--- Lincoln’s 1.What party did this policy favor? 2.What did his policy take into consideration? 3.What did Johnson mean when he wanted to “overthrow slaveocracy”? 4.What was Johnson Not interested in doing? 5.What were some problems with his plan? 6.Were the black codes good or bad? Why? 1.What were the parts of Lincoln’s plan 2.Was 10% successful? What was it? 3.How was Lincoln’s plan different from the Republicans plan? 4.How was his plan a product of “proactive leadership”? 5.Lincoln’s plan was based on what? 6.Why do you think Lincoln wanted to keep army commanders in Southern cities? Good idea or not? 1. Which group was in charge? 2. What were the parts of this plan? 3. Reconstruct Act good or bad idea? 4. Which party did freed blacks associate with and why? 5. Why did the KKK form? 6. Amnesty Act good or bad?

Thursday, May 29 th Schedule: Bell Ringer – ReconstructionReconstruction Finish Reconstruction – Notes & Packet

-Southern Reconstruction- -Bell Ringer- Why was Reconstruction sometimes in the Untied States referred to as the 2 nd Civil War? Explain. What were some difficulties that newly freed slaves had to face? What were some groups that had to be accommodated?

Southern Reconstruction By 1870 all Southern States had rejoined the Union. Groups to be addressed: Carpetbaggers: white northerners who came South looking for a better life or to help. Scalawags: Southern whites who had been blocked out of politics by their wealthier neighbors

Southern Reconstruction Copperheads: vocal northern democrats who had opposed the war through draft dodging, fade out of existence.

Friday, May 31 st Schedule: Finish Reconstruction – Success or Failure? Video Bell Ringer

Reconstruction “Radical Republicans” - Want full citizenship for slaves - right to vote - confiscate southern land and divide amongst the free slaves - favored punishments for Southern supporters

Reconstruction Women: able to hold positions in orphanages, medical hospitals, as single or married and participated/ran public schools. African Americans- rule the Republican Party in South Carolina and southern states

Reconstruction Lincolns response: 10 % Plan -10 % of states citizens pledge allegiance to the US - abolish slavery - provide education to African Americans If your state did this then they would regain representation in the Senate!

“Thus Always to Tyrants”

Reconstruction Freedmen’s Bureau Created to help slaves with food, clothing, healthcare, and education for black and white refugees in the South, did receive Lincoln’s approval. - Vetoed after his death-

Reconstruction Wade-Davis Bill: -Congress rejects Lincolns10% plan -Required majority of prewar voters in the state to swear allegiance to the union in order to gain representation. -demanded civil rights for African Americans -Vetoed by Lincoln----

Reconstruction -Andrew Johnson “Slavery exists. It is black in the South, and white in the North” “Government for white men” - wanted land owners to apply for pardons to him directly! - gives the states rights to make their own laws about the African American freedoms

Reconstruction Southerners: (freed slaves) “Black codes/Jim Crow Laws - work only in certain jobs(farming, servants) - prohibited from owning land - vagrancy laws

Congressional Reconstruction: -Civil Rights Act 1866: passed/vetoed by Johnson/passed by Congress (1 st time ever) - Tenure of Office Act To limit Presidential Power, approval to remove positions - 13 th Amendment - Abolished Slavery - 14 th amendment -Guarantees Rights for ALL citizens - if not will lose House seats - Could reenter the Union when you wrote a new constitution and ratify the 14 th -15th Amendment - Can not deny suffrage based on race, religion, color, previous servitude

Did Reconstruction work? goals-success-and-failures.html#lesson The failure of Reconstruction!

Remaking the Southern economy In 1860, 5% owned 60% of the land In % of the land owned by African Americans. Sharecropping: “Rent” the land, allow you to farm it have to give the land owner a % of your crop. They give you a place to live, seed, and tools.

Problems in the South Klu Klux Klan: - Goal was to intimidate African Americans to NOT vote Congress Passes “Enforcement Acts” making it a federal offense to interfere with a citizen's right to vote.