Chapter 16 – Neural Integration II: The ANS and Higher Order Functions $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100$100$100 $200 $300 $400 $500 I am Sympathetic I am “un”sympathetic Fight or Flight OR Rest & Digest Higher Order f (x) Neuronal Tangles FINAL ROUND

I am sympathetic: $100 Question Where do the nerves that synapse in the collateral ganglia originate? a. Lateral gray horns of the spinal cord between spinal segments T 5 and L 2 b. Anterior gray horns of the spinal cord between spinal segments T 1 and L 2 c. Dorsal gray horns of the spinal cord d. In the brainstem and sacral region of the spinal cord BACK TO GAME ANSWER

I am sympathetic: $100 Answer Where do the nerves that synapse in the collateral ganglia originate? a. Lateral gray horns of the spinal cord between spinal segments T 5 and L 2 b. Anterior gray horns of the spinal cord between spinal segments T 1 and L 2 c. Dorsal gray horns of the spinal cord d. In the brainstem and sacral region of the spinal cord BACK TO GAME

I am sympathetic: $200 Question Which structure contains a modified sympathetic ganglion? a. Sympathetic chain ganglia b. Splanchnic nerves c. Adrenal medulla d. Collateral ganglia BACK TO GAME ANSWER

I am sympathetic: $200 Answer Which structure contains a modified sympathetic ganglion? a. Sympathetic chain ganglia b. Splanchnic nerves c. Adrenal medulla d. Collateral ganglia BACK TO GAME

I am sympathetic: $300 Question Stimulation of β receptors leads to all of the following except ____. a. Increase in metabolic activity of skeletal muscles b. Breakdown of stored triglycerides c. Constriction of smooth muscles along respiratory passageways d. Increase in heart rate and force of contraction BACK TO GAME ANSWER

I am sympathetic: $300 Answer Stimulation of β receptors leads to all of the following except ____. a. Increase in metabolic activity of skeletal muscles b. Breakdown of stored triglycerides c. Constriction of smooth muscles along respiratory passageways d. Increase in heart rate and force of contraction BACK TO GAME

I am sympathetic: $400 Question Since the sympathetic division travels through T 1 -L 2, how are the organs of the head supplied with sympathetic innervation? a. There is no sympathetic innervation to the head. b. Preganglionic fibers ascend through the sympathetic trunk to cervical sympathetic ganglia. c. Preganglionic fibers ascend through collateral ganglia. d. None of these is correct. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

I am sympathetic: $400 Answer Since the sympathetic division travels through T 1 -L 2, how are the organs of the head supplied with sympathetic innervation? a. There is no sympathetic innervation to the head. b. Preganglionic fibers ascend through the sympathetic trunk to cervical sympathetic ganglia. c. Preganglionic fibers ascend through collateral ganglia. d. None of these is correct. BACK TO GAME

I am sympathetic: $500 Question How is the adrenal medulla able to affect target cells throughout the body? a. It releases hormones into ducts within itself. b. Epinephrine and norepinephrine act as hormones and travel through capillaries. c. Effects are shorter lasting than those produced by sympathetic innervation. d. It has long postganglionic fibers. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

I am sympathetic: $500 Answer How is the adrenal medulla able to affect target cells throughout the body? a. It releases hormones into ducts within itself. b. Epinephrine and norepinephrine act as hormones and travel through capillaries. c. Effects are shorter lasting than those produced by sympathetic innervation. d. It has long postganglionic fibers. BACK TO GAME

I am “un”sympathetic: $100 Question Which of these statements does not describe the parasympathetic division of the ANS? a. It is also called the craniosacral division. b. Preganglionic fibers originate in the brain stem. c. Preganglionic fibers are short. d. Postganglionic fibers synapse in ganglia close to or in target organs. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

I am “un”sympathetic: $100 Answer Which of these statements does not describe the parasympathetic division of the ANS? a. It is also called the craniosacral division. b. Preganglionic fibers originate in the brain stem. c. Preganglionic fibers are short. d. Postganglionic fibers synapse in ganglia close to or in target organs. BACK TO GAME

I am “un”sympathetic: $200 Question Which nerve is responsible for the parasympathetic innervation of the lungs, heart, stomach, liver, pancreas, and parts of the small and large intestines? a. Glossopharyngeal nerve b. Greater splanchnic nerve c. Vagus nerve d. Facial nerve BACK TO GAME ANSWER

I am “un”sympathetic: $200 Answer Which nerve is responsible for the parasympathetic innervation of the lungs, heart, stomach, liver, pancreas, and parts of the small and large intestines? a. Glossopharyngeal nerve b. Greater splanchnic nerve c. Vagus nerve d. Facial nerve BACK TO GAME

I am “un”sympathetic: $300 Question Which neurotransmitter is released by all neurons of the parasympathetic division of the ANS? a. Norepinephrine b. Epinephrine c. Acetylcholine d. Monoamine oxidase BACK TO GAME ANSWER

I am “un”sympathetic: $300 Answer Which neurotransmitter is released by all neurons of the parasympathetic division of the ANS? a. Norepinephrine b. Epinephrine c. Acetylcholine d. Monoamine oxidase BACK TO GAME

I am “un”sympathetic: $400 Question What are the two types of ACh receptors located on postsynaptic membranes of parasympathetic neurons? a. Nicotinic and muscarinic receptors b. Alpha and Beta receptors c. Beta 1 and Beta 2 receptors d. G proteins and 2 nd messengers BACK TO GAME ANSWER

I am “un”sympathetic: $400 Answer What are the two types of ACh receptors located on postsynaptic membranes of parasympathetic neurons? a. Nicotinic and muscarinic receptors b. Alpha and Beta receptors c. Beta 1 and Beta 2 receptors d. G proteins and 2 nd messengers BACK TO GAME

I am “un”sympathetic: $500 Question Why is the parasympathetic division sometimes referred to as the “anabolic system”? a. Its stimulation increases nutrient content of blood. b. Its stimulation leads to skeletal muscle growth. c. It increases lipolysis and the breakdown of glycogen. d. Its stimulation leads to a feeling of energy and euphoria. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

I am “un”sympathetic: $500 Answer Why is the parasympathetic division sometimes referred to as the “anabolic system”? a. Its stimulation increases nutrient content of blood. b. Its stimulation leads to skeletal muscle growth. c. It increases lipolysis and the breakdown of glycogen. d. Its stimulation leads to a feeling of energy and euphoria. BACK TO GAME

Fight or Flight OR Rest & Digest: $100 Question What physiological changes occur in an anxious patient who is about to undergo a root canal procedure? a. Decrease in motility of digestive tract b. Increased heart rate c. Increased breathing rate d. All of the above BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Fight or Flight OR Rest & Digest: $100 Answer What physiological changes occur in an anxious patient who is about to undergo a root canal procedure? a. Decrease in motility of digestive tract b. Increased heart rate c. Increased breathing rate d. All of the above BACK TO GAME

Fight or Flight OR Rest & Digest: $200 Question What physiological changes occur in someone who is confronted by a large, vicious, growling dog? a. Decrease in metabolic rate and heart rate b. Decrease in mental alertness and dilation of respiratory passageways c. Increase in heart rate and blood pressure d. Increased action of salivary and digestive glands BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Fight or Flight OR Rest & Digest: $200 Answer What physiological changes occur in someone who is confronted by a large, vicious, growling dog? a. Decrease in metabolic rate and heart rate b. Decrease in mental alertness and dilation of respiratory passageways c. Increase in heart rate and blood pressure d. Increased action of salivary and digestive glands BACK TO GAME

Fight or Flight OR Rest & Digest: $300 Question How does stimulation of muscarinic receptors in cardiac muscle affect the heart? a. Increased cardiac tone b. Increased heart rate c. Decreased cardiac contractile force d. Decreased heart rate BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Fight or Flight OR Rest & Digest: $300 Answer How does stimulation of muscarinic receptors in cardiac muscle affect the heart? a. Increased cardiac tone b. Increased heart rate c. Decreased cardiac contractile force d. Decreased heart rate BACK TO GAME

Fight or Flight OR Rest & Digest: $400 Question How does a β blocker mediate high blood pressure? a. The drug aids parasympathetic stimulation. b. The drug decreases blood volume. c. The drug prevents sympathetic stimulation. d. None of the above is correct. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Fight or Flight OR Rest & Digest: $400 Answer How does a β blocker mediate high blood pressure? a. The drug aids parasympathetic stimulation. b. The drug decreases blood volume. c. The drug prevents sympathetic stimulation. d. None of the above is correct. BACK TO GAME

Fight or Flight OR Rest & Digest: $500 Question Which of these are not symptoms of muscarinic poisoning? a. Vomiting and diarrhea b. High blood pressure and rapid HR c. Salvation and nausea d. Low BP and bradycardia BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Fight or Flight OR Rest & Digest: $500 Answer Which of these are not symptoms of muscarinic poisoning? a. Vomiting and diarrhea b. High blood pressure and rapid HR c. Salvation and nausea d. Low BP and bradycardia BACK TO GAME

Higher Order f (x): $100 Question Which brain structure(s) aid(s) in making the transition from short term memory to long term memory? a. Hippocampus b. Amygdaloid body c. Nucleus basalis d. All of the above are correct. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Higher Order f (x): $100 Answer Which brain structure(s) aid(s) in making the transition from short term memory to long term memory? a. Hippocampus b. Amygdaloid body c. Nucleus basalis d. All of the above are correct. BACK TO GAME

Higher Order f (x): $200 Question As you recall facts while you take your A&P test, which type of memory are you using? a. Long term memory b. Skill memory c. Memory consolidation d. Short term memory BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Higher Order f (x): $200 Answer As you recall facts while you take your A&P test, which type of memory are you using? a. Long term memory b. Skill memory c. Memory consolidation d. Short term memory BACK TO GAME

Higher Order f (x): $300 Question Which of the following is not a characteristic of higher order functions? a. Requires cerebral cortex b. Involves conscious and unconscious processing c. Part of the programmed wiring of the brain d. Subject to modification over time BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Higher Order f (x): $300 Answer Which of the following is not a characteristic of higher order functions? a. Requires cerebral cortex b. Involves conscious and unconscious processing c. Part of the programmed wiring of the brain d. Subject to modification over time BACK TO GAME

Higher Order f (x): $400 Question Which statement is correct pertaining to REM sleep? a. Activity of the cerebral cortex is at a minimum. b. Energy use declines by about 30% c. There is intense inhibition of somatic motor neurons. d. BP declines by about 30% BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Higher Order f (x): $400 Answer Which statement is correct pertaining to REM sleep? a. Activity of the cerebral cortex is at a minimum. b. Energy use declines by about 30% c. There is intense inhibition of somatic motor neurons. d. BP declines by about 30% BACK TO GAME

Higher Order f (x): $500 Question How does LSD affect the brain stem, hypothalamus, and limbic system? What is the result? a. Activates serotonin receptors / hallucinations b. Decreases dopamine secretion / Parkinson- like disorder c. Decreases availability of serotonin / depression d. Increases dopamine secretion / schizophrenia BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Higher Order f (x): $500 Answer How does LSD affect the brain stem, hypothalamus, and limbic system? What is the result? a. Activates serotonin receptors / hallucinations b. Decreases dopamine secretion / Parkinson- like disorder c. Decreases availability of serotonin / depression d. Increases dopamine secretion / schizophrenia BACK TO GAME

Neuronal Tangles: $100 Question On the basis of anatomy, how do you distinguish the sympathetic division from the parasympathetic division of the ANS? a. Origin of preganglionic fibers b. Number of preganglionic fibers c. Location of PNS ganglia d. Both A and C are correct BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Neuronal Tangles: $100 Answer On the basis of anatomy, how do you distinguish the sympathetic division from the parasympathetic division of the ANS? a. Origin of preganglionic fibers b. Number of preganglionic fibers c. Location of PNS ganglia d. Both A and C are correct BACK TO GAME

Neuronal Tangles: $200 Question How many motor neurons are required to conduct an action potential from the spinal cord to smooth muscles in the wall of the intestines? a. One b. Two c. Four d. Six BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Neuronal Tangles: $200 Answer How many motor neurons are required to conduct an action potential from the spinal cord to smooth muscles in the wall of the intestines? a. One b. Two c. Four d. Six BACK TO GAME

Neuronal Tangles: $300 Question Which of the following is correct concerning dual innervation? a. It allows nerves to maintain a background level of activity. b. Origins receive information from both sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS. c. Where it exists, the two divisions have the same effects. d. All of the above are correct. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Neuronal Tangles: $300 Answer Which of the following is correct concerning dual innervation? a. It allows nerves to maintain a background level of activity. b. Origins receive information from both sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS. c. Where it exists, the two divisions have the same effects. d. All of the above are correct. BACK TO GAME

Neuronal Tangles: $400 Question How does a drug that stimulates acetylcholine receptors affect the sympathetic nervous system? a. The drug blocks sympathetic activity. b. The drug decreases sympathetic activity. c. The drug inhibits the parasympathetic division. d. The drug increases sympathetic activity. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Neuronal Tangles: $400 Answer How does a drug that stimulates acetylcholine receptors affect the sympathetic nervous system? a. The drug blocks sympathetic activity. b. The drug decreases sympathetic activity. c. The drug inhibits the parasympathetic division. d. The drug increases sympathetic activity. BACK TO GAME

Neuronal Tangles: $500 Question Harry has a brain tumor that is interfering with the function of his hypothalamus. Could this tumor interfere with autonomic function? Why or why not? a. Yes; hypothalamus regulates ANS. b. Yes; all brain tumors affect ANS functioning. c. No; ANS has no relationship with the hypthalamus. d. No; ANS function is regulated by thalamus. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Neuronal Tangles: $500 Answer Harry has a brain tumor that is interfering with the function of his hypothalamus. Could this tumor interfere with autonomic function? Why or why not? a. Yes; hypothalamus regulates ANS. b. Yes; all brain tumors affect ANS functioning. c. No; ANS has no relationship with the hypthalamus. d. No; ANS function is regulated by thalamus. BACK TO GAME

FINAL ROUND Question Which of the following is a consequence of age- related changes in the synaptic organization of the brain? a. There is a reduction in rate of blood flow in arteries around the brain. b. The number of dendritic branches and interneuronal interconnections decrease. c. Neurons in the brain accumulate abnormal intracellular deposits. d. The gyri are narrower and sulci are wider. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

FINAL ROUND Answer Which of the following is a consequence of age- related changes in the synaptic organization of the brain? a. There is a reduction in rate of blood flow in arteries around the brain. b. The number of dendritic branches and interneuronal interconnections decrease. c. Neurons in the brain accumulate abnormal intracellular deposits. d. The gyri are narrower and sulci are wider. BACK TO GAME