-Heart -Blood -Blood Vessels -Circulation THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

WHAT IS THE STRONGEST MUSCLE IN THE HUMAN BODY?

 To pump oxygenated blood to the rest of the body. Our cells must have oxygen and the blood provides the oxygen. The heart is the muscle that pumps the blood to the cells. WHAT IS THE MAJOR FUNCTION OF THE HUMAN HEART?

 Upper two chambers are called the: Atria (Atrium)  The lower two chambers are called the: Ventricles  Which side of your heart is the right side and which is the left side?  Draw a square that is split in to quarters, label all 4 chambers: Right Atria, Right Ventricle, Left Atria and Left Ventricle CHAMBERS OF THE HEART

 55% of our blood is plasma and 90% of that plasma is water  The 45% of blood remaining consists of 3 things:  White Blood Cells  Red Blood Cells  Platelets WHAT IS IN OUR BLOOD?

 90% of plasma is made of water  The remaining 10% is minerals, nutrients, sugars, proteins and other substances.  The major function of plasma is to transport the red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets throughout the body. PLASMA (IN BLOOD)

 White Blood Cells or WBC’s are also part of the immune system  They help you stay healthy by destroying bacteria, viruses and other foreign particles that enter your body. WHITE BLOOD CELLS (IN BLOOD)

 Red Blood Cells or RBC’s are the most abundant cells in the blood.  RBC’s transport oxygen and carbon dioxide through the body.  RBC’s contain a protein called hemoglobin and this is what the oxygen and carbon dioxide attach to. RED BLOOD CELLS (IN BLOOD)

 Platelets are small parts of bone marrow cells.  They clump together in damaged areas of your body, like when you get a paper cut.  The clumping forms blood clots and stops you from bleeding. PLATELETS (IN BLOOD)

 3 types of blood vessels: Veins, Arteries, Capillaries  Veins: The vessels that return blood to the heart  Arteries: Blood vessels that carry blood AWAY from the heart.  Capillaries: Microscopic blood vessels of the body that link arteries and veins.  Capillaries are where most materials such as oxygen carbon dioxide, nutrients and waste products enter and leave the bloodstream. BLOOD VESSELS

 Pulmonary Circulation is the flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and from the lungs back to the heart.  Oxygen poor blood is pumped out of the right ventricle (heart) to the lungs through two pulmonary arteries. These arteries spread into capillaries that surround the lungs. The capillaries (blood) receives oxygen from the lungs and the lungs release the carbon dioxide.  After the exchange of carbon dioxide for oxygen in the lungs, the oxygen rich blood travels through the 4 pulmonary veins in to the left atrium of the heart. PULMONARY CIRCULATION

EXCHANGE OF OXYGEN FOR CARBON DIOXIDE

 Systemic Circulation is the flow of blood from the heart to the rest of the body and back to the heart.  The heart pumps oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle of the heart into the aorta, which is a major artery. From the aorta, blood flows into the arteries and then into the capillaries of the body.  In the capillaries another exchange takes place but this time the blood gives the oxygen to the cells of the body and the cells give the blood carbon dioxide to be carried away.  Oxygen poor blood travels through veins back to the heart and is delivered into the right atrium of the heart by two large veins called vena cavas. SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION

PULMONARY AND SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION

 Hypertension: Abnormally high blood pressure in the arteries which may increase the chance of a stroke or a heart attack  Due to atherosclerosis: plaque in the blood vessels  May be treated and prevented by losing weight; a healthy diet; not smoking; taking medication  Heart Attack/Stroke: The blood supply to the heart for a heart attack or the blood supply to the brain for a stroke is reduced or stopped  This is a medical emergency; must be treated by a professional WHAT CAN GO WRONG WITH THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM?

 Talk to your elbow partner about the circulatory system  Define any questions you may have about what was covered today  Tell a story of someone you know who has a problem with his/her circulatory system  What are things you can do now to prevent hypertension and/or a heart attack/stroke in the future ?? QUESTIONS ??