The Cold War Heats Up pp. 609,

Today’s goal The Cold War grew violent in the late 1940s and early 1950s as Chinese communists took control of China with Soviet Support Communist North Koreans attacked the US supported South Korean dictatorship; Korea remains divided today, still in a technical state of war.

Vocabulary Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang Jieshi) Corrupt Chinese dictator, supported by the US. The Chinese civil war resumed when Japan was defeated. Media made him popular with the American people. His taxes and repressive government turned most Chinese against him. – Many would support the Communists.

Mao Zedong The communist leader, supported by Soviets. – encouraged peasants to learn how to read – Helped improve food production Millions turned their support to the communists.

Taiwan Chiang’s Nationalists fled the Chinese mainland to this island, in May They kept the name “Republic of China”, and insisted they were the true government of all China. – They were recognized by the UN and had a permanent vote on the Security Council until Mao Zedong’s Communists named their new nation, the People’s Republic of China, but were not recognized by the UN until 1972.

38 th Parallel Line where Japanese troops surrendered to Soviet troops in northern Korea (Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK), in 1945, and US troops in southern Korea (The Republic of Korea (ROK). – Both leaders were dictators. By late 1949, the US had only 500 troops in the ROK and the North Koreans and Soviets were confident the UN would do nothing to stop an invasion. In June 1950, North Korean troops invaded with Soviet equipment.

Korean War Began, June 25, North Korean forces surprised South Korean and UN forces. The UN Security Council voted to sent in troops (The Soviets were not at the meeting to veto it as they were boycotting Taiwan’s seat on the Council). US troops and warships from Japan were sent to southern Korea. – Truman also sent a fleet to protect Taiwan from the PRC.

amphibious capable of travelling on land and water. By Douglas MacArthur’s plan, US troops landed behind North Korean forces and cut them off from supplies and help. What was left of the North Koreans fled into North Korea, pursued by UN forces. – Soon, they were trapped near the PRC border at the Yalu River. – it looked like they’d be defeated and Korea would be united. united

conspirator A person who takes part in planning something unlawful. MacArthur accused China of being conspirators, dangerously planning to take Korea and the rest of Asia.Asia He wanted to invade China and even use atomic bombs on it. Truman wanted to avoid starting WWIII. – After MacArthur went public with his disagreement with Truman, Truman fired him.him

Douglas MacArthur A spectacular career to many. A controversial career to others……others Extra Credit: Should presidents go as far as Truman when in conflict with the military on how to conduct a war?

demilitarize To ban military forces in an area or region. The armistice settlement at Panmunjom established one along the 38 th parallel, in 1953, that still exists today. Some 150,000 US forces are station on the southern Korean peninsula, and thousands more in Japan and the Pacific.Pacific

End hwk Begin class work

p. 610, analyzing causes The Nationalists Leaders were corrupt non-supportive of the peasants. The Communists Had strong leadership They worked to win peasant support

p. 611, analyzing events North Korea Surrendered to the Soviets Became the communist People’s Republic of Korea South Korea Surrendered to the Americans Became the authoritarian Republic of Korea.

p. 612, analyzing causes Just as UN forces had overtaken North Korea, the Chinese entered the war on the side of North Korea. They pushed the UN troops southward.

p. 613, geography skillbuilder 1. To Pusan 2. Other UN troops moved north from Pusan The two forces trapped the North Koreans, who were forced to flee north across the border.

p. 614, comparing MacArthur Wanted to wage full-scale nuclear war against China Truman Wanted to limit the war prevent a war with the Soviet Union and China as allies.

p. 615, 3, hypothesizing A third world war might have broken out – It would obliterate millions with nuclear weapons.

p. 615, 4, analyzing events Korean War worthwhile Without it, Korea would have all gone communist. EC: why is that so bad? This would threaten Japan. Korean War not worthwhile The war did not solve anything. Korea is still divided, today The war is still technically going on (only an armistice in 1953)

p. 615, 5, evaluating decisions Advantages to not recognizing communist China as the legal Chinese government The US remained committed to its policy of containment of communism Agree/disagree? Disadvantages to not recognizing communist China as the legal Chinese government Refusal kept the US from influencing China It drove China into an alliance with the Soviet Union. Agree/disagree?

Brief Response How did the Cold War expand globally for both superpowers? (how did they respond?)