Results of World War II. Surrenders V.E. Day: May 8, 1945 V.J. Day: Japan announces surrender: August 14, 1945 Surrender documents signed: September 2,

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Presentation transcript:

Results of World War II

Surrenders V.E. Day: May 8, 1945 V.J. Day: Japan announces surrender: August 14, 1945 Surrender documents signed: September 2, 1945

HOW DID EUROPE’S BORDERS CHANGE?

Germany occupied by the allies

All countries captured by the Soviet Union while driving the German army back were converted into communist “satellite” states.

Casualties

Axis Powers: Third Reich: Military: 5.53 million Civilian: 1.2 – 3.3 million Total: 6.75 – 8.8 million Italy: Military: 301,400 Civilian: 155,600 Total: 457,000 Japan: Military: 2.12 million Civilian: 500,000 – 1 million Total: 2.62 – 3.12 million

Allied Powers: Great Britain: Military: 383,800 Civilian: 67,100 Total: 450,900 France: Military: 217,600 Civilian: 350,000 Total: 567,600 United States: Military: 416,800 Civilian: 1,700 Total: 418,500

Soviet Union: Military: 8.8 – 10.7 million Civilian: 12.7 – 14.6 million Total: 23.4 million (13% of their population) China: Military: 3-4 million Civilian: 7-16 million Total: million Poland: Military: 240,000 Civilian: 5.38 – 5.58 million Total: 5.62 – 5.82 million

Totals for All Countries: Military Deaths: 22.5 – 25.5 million Civilian Deaths: 37.6 – 55.2 million Total Deaths: 62 – 78.5 million es

Marshall Plan Europe’s economy had been destroyed and millions of people were homeless. In response the U.S. came up with the “European Recovery Program”, a.k.a. the Marshall Plan U.S. gave $13 billion dollars to help rebuild Europe (would be ~$135 billion in today’s dollar value)

Decolonization Colonization, 1945

Most major world powers lost the ability to keep control of their colonies (money, military reduction, etc.) As a result, the end of World War II set off a landslide of independence of these colonies. E.g. Korea (had been under Japan), India (from the British), lots of Africa (the division of Korea after WWII would lead to the Korean War in 1950)

Cold War Stalin’s belief was that co-existence between Communist and capitalist systems was impossible. As a result he practically blocked off all communist satellite states and the Soviet Union from the west. Churchill described this blocking off as an “iron curtain” With the development of nuclear technology in both the U.S. and the Soviet Union, tensions arose between these two powerful nations with vastly different ideologies.

United Nations The United Nations is an international organization founded in 1945 after the Second World War by 51 countries committed to maintaining international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations and promoting social progress, better living standards and human rights.