Alan Brinkley, AMERICAN HISTORY 13/e Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy

Introduction Introduction  Transformation of the National Economy Smokestacks (Royalty-Free / CORBIS) 2 © 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy Sources of Industrial Growth Sources of Industrial Growth –Industrial Technologies  New Steel Production Techniques  Pittsburgh  Rise of the Petroleum Industry Pioneer Oil Run, 1865 (Library of Congress) 3 © 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy Sources of Industrial Growth Sources of Industrial Growth –The Airplane and the Automobile  Henry Ford The Wright Brothers (Library of Congress) 4 © 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy Sources of Industrial Growth Sources of Industrial Growth –Research and Development  Corporate Research and Development  Transformation of Higher Education 5 © 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Thomas Edison (Library of Congress)

Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy Sources of Industrial Growth Sources of Industrial Growth –The Science of Production  “Taylorism”  Moving Assembly Line –Railroad Expansion  Rapid Expansion of the Railroad 6 © 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy Railroads, © 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy Sources of Industrial Growth Sources of Industrial Growth –The Corporation  Limited Liability  Andrew Carnegie  New Managerial Techniques 8 © 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Andrew Carnegie (Portrait Gallery)

Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy Sources of Industrial Growth Sources of Industrial Growth –Consolidating Corporate America  Horizontal and Vertical Integration  Rockefeller’s Standard Oil 9 © 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy Sources of Industrial Growth Sources of Industrial Growth –The Trust and the Holding Company  The Trust Agreement  Rapid Corporate Consolidation J.P. Morgan (Portrait Gallery) 10 © 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy Capitalism and Its Critics Capitalism and Its Critics –The “Self-Made Man”  Myth of the Self-Made Man Cornelius Vanderbilt (Portrait Gallery) 11 © 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy Capitalism and Its Critics Capitalism and Its Critics –Survival of the Fittest  Social Darwinism  Justifying the Status Quo “The growth of a large business is merely the survival of the fittest.” John D. Rockefeller 12 © 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy Capitalism and Its Critics Capitalism and Its Critics –The Gospel of Wealth  Russell Conwell  Horatio Alger –Alternative Visions  Lester Frank Ward  Henry George  Looking Backward 13 © 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. “This association of poverty with progress is the great enigma of our times.” Henry George

Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy Capitalism and Its Critics Capitalism and Its Critics –The Problems of Monopoly  Increasing Inequality 14 © 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy Industrial Workers in the New Economy Industrial Workers in the New Economy –The Immigrant Work Force  New Sources of Immigration  Heightened Ethnic Tensions 15 © 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Inspection room at Ellis Island, NY (Library of Congress)

Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy Industrial Workers in the New Economy Industrial Workers in the New Economy –Wages and Working Conditions  Loss of Control –Women and Children at Work  Poorly Paid Women  Ineffective Child Labor Laws –The Struggle to Unionize  National Labor Union  Molly Maguires 16 © 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy Industrial Workers in the New Economy Industrial Workers in the New Economy –The Great Railroad Strike  National Strike Rutherford B. Hayes (Library of Congress) 17 © 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy Industrial Workers in the New Economy Industrial Workers in the New Economy –The Knights of Labor  Dissolution of the Knights of Labor –The AFL  Opposition to Female Employment  The AFL’s Agenda  Haymarket Square 18 © 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy Industrial Workers in the New Economy Industrial Workers in the New Economy –The Homestead Strike  Henry Clay Frick  The Union Defeated Inside the Homestead Plant (Library of Congress) 19 © 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy Industrial Workers in the New Economy Industrial Workers in the New Economy –The Pullman Strike  Eugene Debs –Sources of Labor Weakness  Shifting Nature of the Work Force 20 © 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy Patterns of Popular Culture: The Novels of Horatio Alger 21 © 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Seventeen: Industrial Supremacy Patterns of Popular Culture: The Novels of Louisa May Alcott 22 © 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.