Community Centered Development Glocal Community Development Studies Hebrew University Shira Eytan & Kalela Lancaster, Shatil Shira Eytan & Kalela Lancaster, Shatil May 2011 © All rights reserved Shatil 2011

Areas of focus 1.Entering a community 2.Bringing an idea for change to a community: dilemmas and challenges 3.From idea to reality: project planning frameworks + how the story ended

Stage 1: Entering a community

Four parallel processes take place when we encounter communities People – building trust and understanding Community – mapping characteristics Social issues – analyzing and defining Self-knowledge - introspection

Key questions in community mapping What?What? When?When? Why?Why? How much?How much? How?How? Who?Who?

Tools for community mapping Interviews (open and closed questions) Observation Participation in events, meeting places Questionnaires (surveys) Focus Groups Written materials (research, press) Analysis of needs, resources, power dynamics

Map of Community Needs John McKnight & Jody Kretzmann Society Environment Group I ndiv idual

Natural resources Public bodies Civil organizing Private resources Map of Community Assets John McKnight & Jody Kretzmann

Stakeholder Analysis Interests Power dynamics Partnership potential

What to do after the mapping with all the information gathered? Analysis of Information Guiding questions: what have I learnt about the community? To what extent have I gained answers to my questions? What kinds of issues is the community dealing with? SWOT Defining an issue for change

After the mapping (cont.) What is the community’s potential and willingness for change? What intervention strategies are appropriate to the community’s character and capacity? What level of involvement in the community am I prepared to undertake? Who could be my partners? What additional information do I need? What will be my role? What are my strengths and weaknesses/obstacles What is the next stage in the process?

Defining a social issue A problem becomes a social issue when enough people care about the problem and are willing to work to change it (Kahn, 1991)

Stage 2: Bringing an idea for change to a community: dilemmas & challenges

What makes an idea a “good” idea? 1.Ideas that are feasible with attainable goals 2.Ideas that empower the community 3.Ideas that bring people together and unify 4.Ideas that will have a vast influence and impact 5.Ideas that will involve people in the process of planning and implementation 6.Ideas that people can really care about 7.Ideas that are simple

Types of dilemmas and challenges North-South dynamics: paternalism/dependency Cultural and linguistic challenges Working within established frameworks: dilemmas of loyalty and identification The organizer and the organized: dilemmas of leadership and participation

Stage 3: Planning

Comments Key Question/sSection Project Planning Framework Project Summary Problem Statement Goals Objectives Method / Activities Monitoring & Evaluation Target Group Budget What are you aiming to achieve and how? (Briefly – 2-5 sentences) This should paint a clear picture of the project, your vision, in introduction form Why is the project needed?Draw on relevant research or statistics. Make a rational and emotional appeal to the reader/audience What is the vision of change that your project will contribute towards realizing? Long-term goals that the project can impact upon.This section should reflect your vision and values. What concrete effect will the project have on those who will be directly affected by it? Short-term objectives relating to the various beneficiaries identified as target groups. The objectives must be achievable during the course of your project and measurable either quantitatively or qualitatively. What will you do in this project? How and when (within what timeframe) will you do it? This should include planning and follow-up activities as well as implementation activities. Everything listed in this section should also be addressed later in the budget section How will you assess whether you have achieved your objectives? Who will monitor the project’s progress and how? Explain how success will be measured. Refer to both quantitative and qualitative means of assessing. You can also refer to the project’s management structure and personnel. Explain who will be responsible for evaluating, and what tools will be used. How much will the project cost? Each aspect of the activities should be referred to, including the cost of administrative aspects, of planning and of costs that you expect to receive as in-kind donations (including, for example, volunteers) Who will benefit from the project? Upon whom will the project impact? Consider various levels of beneficiaries – primary, secondary and beyond. Include circles of influence