Section 3: Structures and Organelles Chapter 7 Section 3: Structures and Organelles

Section 7-3: Structures and Organelles Essential Questions What are the structures of a typical Eukaryotic cell, and what are their functions? What are the similarities and differences between plant and animal cells?

Section 7-3: Structures and Organelles Plant Cells vs. Animal Cells Prokaryote - no organelles Eukaryotes - organelles animal cells plant cells

Section 7-3: Structures and Organelles Eukaryotes vs. Prokaryotes Membrane Bound Organelles Nucleus No Nucleus No Organelles

Section 7-3: Structures and Organelles Bacterial cell Animal cell most bacteria 1-10 microns eukaryotic cells 10-100 microns

Section 7-3: Structures and Organelles Cells have 3 main jobs Make energy Need energy for activities! Need to clean up waste after energy production! Make proteins Do all of the cell’s work! Make more cells For growth To replace damaged cells! Our organelles do all these jobs!

Section 7-3: Structures and Organelles Organelles do the work of the cells Its like a little factory!

Cells need Power! Making energy to fuel daily life & growth, the cell must… - take in food & digest it - take in oxygen (O2) - make ATP - remove waste Organelles that do this work… cell membrane lysosomes vacuoles & vesicles mitochondria ATP

Section 7-3: Structures and Organelles phosphate “head” Cell Membrane Function: Separates cell from outside Controls what enters or leaves cell - O2, CO2, Food, H20, nutrients & waste Recognizes & Communicates with other cells! Structure: Double layer of lipids (fat) - Known as the Phospholipid Bilayer! lipid “tail”

Section 7-3: Structures and Organelles Vacuoles & vesicles Function: Vesicles move material around the cell Vacuoles store material Structure: Membrane sac Vacuoles Vesicles

Section 7-3: Structures and Organelles plant cells food vacuole. central vacuole animal cells

Section 7-3: Structures and Organelles Lysosomes Function: Digests food - used to make energy Clean up & recycles - digests broken organelles Structure: Membrane sack of digestive enzymes Lysosomes Digesting broken organelles

lysosome food digestion garbage disposal & recycling vacuole & vesicles transport inside cells storage cell membrane cell boundary controls movement of materials in & out recognizes signals

Section 7-3: Structures and Organelles Mitochondria Function: Make ATP energy from cellular respiration Fuels the cell Powerhouse! Structure Double membrane ATP in both animal & plant cells

Section 7-3: Structures and Organelles Plants make energy two ways! Mitochondria make energy from sugar + O2 Cellular respiration sugar + O2  ATP Chloroplasts make energy + sugar from sunlight Photosynthesis sunlight + CO2  ATP & sugar ATP sugar ATP

lysosome food digestion garbage disposal & recycling vacuole & vesicles transport inside cells storage mitochondria make ATP energy from sugar + O2 cell membrane cell boundary controls movement of materials in & out recognizes signals