Flowering Plants and Civilization

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Presentation transcript:

Flowering Plants and Civilization

Outline Origin of Cultivated plants Ranunculaceae Family Lauraceae Family Papaveraceae Family Brassicaceae Family Rosaceae Family Fabaceae Family Euphorbiaceae Family Cactaceae Family Lamiaceae Family Solanaceae Family Apiaceae Family Cucurbitaceae Family Asteraceae Family Poaceae Family Liliaceae Family Orchidaceae Family

Origin of Cultivated Plants Cultivated Plants appear to have originated in six major regions: Chinese Region African Continent South Asia and Pacific Islands North America South and Central America

Ranunculaceae Family Buttercups Nearly all 1,500 member species are herbaceous. Most members are at least slightly poisonous.

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Several important spices: Cinnamon Cassia Camphor Sassafras Trees Lauraceae Family Several important spices: Cinnamon Cassia Camphor Sassafras Trees Sweet Bay Copyright © McGraw-Hill Companies Permission Required for Reproduction or Display

Papaveraceae Family Most member species are herbs distributed throughout the temperate and subtropical regions north of the equator. Opium Poppies Morphine and Codeine Heroin Papaverine and and Noscapine

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Brassicaceae Family Four flower petals are arranged in a cross. Nearly all 2,500 species are herbs distributed primarily throughout the temperate and cooler regions of North America. Many cultivated edible plants. Cabbage, Cauliflower, Brussels Sprouts, Broccoli, Radish, Turnip, Horseradish, Watercress, and Rutabaga.

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Rosaceae Family Rose Family Includes more than 3,000 species. Family is subdivided into subfamilies on the basis of flower structure and fruits. Enormous economic impact. Garden Ornamentals Fragrances Hips Vitamin C

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Fabaceae Family Legume Family Third largest of flowering plant families. 13,000 members. Many important crop plants. Peas Beans Peanuts Alfalfa Carob

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Euphorbiaceae Family Spurge Family Widespread in temperature regions both north and south of the equator. Several economically important plants. Cassava Para Rubber Tree

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Cactaceae Family The Cactus Family Potentially more than 1,500 species. Most occur in dry, subtropical regions. Usually showy flowers. Most have edible fruit.

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Lamiaceae Family Mint Family Easy to distinguish because of a unique combination of angular stems that are square in cross section, opposite leaves, and bilaterally symmetrical flowers. Mint oils have been used medicinally and as an antiseptic in different parts of the world. Menthol

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Solanaceae Family Nightshade Family Belladonna drug complex. Atropine Scopalamine Capsicum Jimson Weed Tobacco Tomatoes

Approximately 2,000 members. Dill Celery Carrot Parsley Caraway Apiaceae Family Carrot Family Approximately 2,000 members. Dill Celery Carrot Parsley Caraway Coriander Copyright © McGraw-Hill Companies Permission Required for Reproduction or Display

Includes many important edible plants. Cucurbitaceae Family Pumpkin Family Includes many important edible plants. Many have been cultivated for so long they are unknown in a wild state. Pumpkins Squash Cucumbers Cantaloupes Copyright © McGraw-Hill Companies Permission Required for Reproduction or Display

Asteraceae Family Sunflower Family Second largest flowering plant family. Individual flowers - florets.

Highly specialized flowers. Contains nearly all cereals. Sugar Cane Poaceae Family Grass Family Highly specialized flowers. Contains nearly all cereals. Sugar Cane Citronella Fibers Copyright © McGraw-Hill Companies Permission Required for Reproduction or Display

Liliaceae Family Lily Family Approximately 4,550 members. Occur in almost any area supporting vegetation. Asparagus Sarsaparilla Meadow Saffron (colchicine) Aloe Onions and Garlic

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Very large family with > 35,000 species. Orchidaceae Family Orchid Family Very large family with > 35,000 species. Widely distributed with diverse habitats. Flowers are exceptionally varied in size and form. Copyright © McGraw-Hill Companies Permission Required for Reproduction or Display

Review Origin of Cultivated plants Ranunculaceae Family Lauraceae Family Papaveraceae Family Brassicaceae Family Rosaceae Family Fabaceae Family Euphorbiaceae Family Cactaceae Family Lamiaceae Family Solanaceae Family Apiaceae Family Cucurbitaceae Family Asteraceae Family Poaceae Family Liliaceae Family Orchidaceae Family

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