DO NOW: FINISH READING “SECRET OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE” AND WRITE YOUR SUMMARY IF YOU ARE DONE, SHARE YOU SUMMARY WITH SOMEONE SITTING NEAR YOU HOMEWORK Chapter 34.4 Questions
SECRET OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE
OVERSEAS EXPANSION DURING THE PUNIC WARS During the 2 nd Period of Expansion, Rome fought three wars with Carthage known as the Punic Wars Rome was dragged into this conflict after conquering Greek cities in Southern Italy who were fighting against the Carthaginians
THE 1 ST PUNIC WAR The 1 st Punic War began in 264 BC and was fought mostly on the seas near Italy and Africa. Carthage had a powerful navy, but Rome stole the model for their ships, assembled a navy of their own, and defeated the Carthaginians in 241 BC As a reward for winning, Rome claimed several islands including Sicily.
THE 2 ND PUNIC WAR The 2 nd Punic War began in 218 BC when the Carthaginians decided to attack Rome directly A Carthaginian general by the name of Hannibal would become a famous adversary to Rome by battling them for 15 consecutive years
HANNIBAL CROSSES THE ALPS Hannibal marched his entire army from Spain over the Alps and into Rome. His troops battled against snowstorms, landslides, and attack by neighboring tribes as well as hunger, cold, and fatigue
THE 2 ND PUNIC WAR ENDS In 202 BC, Hannibal returned home with his troops to defend Carthage against a Roman invasion and was defeated As a reward for winning, the Romans received Spain as well as an enormous amount of money
THE 3 RD PUNIC WAR After another 50 years of peace, a Roman senator named Cato demanded that the Romans invade Carthage once again and destroy them The 3 rd Punic War began in 149 BC and only lasted for three years because in 146 BC, Rome burned Carthage to the ground as well as killed many people and sold some into slavery
COSTS OF THE PUNIC WARS Death of soldiers and innocent people Money Destruction of cities and property Time Changing economy – small farmers had to sell their land due to lack of maintenance
HANNIBAL, GENERAL OF THE CARTHAGINIANS