Ancient Greece Review for test: Part one

What type of landform is Greece? What are the major land formation found within Greece? Bonus: What % of Greece is covered in mountains Peninsula Mountains 75% What were 2 of the major resources that Greece exported? Grapes and olives

Locate Greece on the map. Locate the Aegean Sea. And the Ionian Sea X Z Y S A B C D X C B

What civilization was considered the earliest in the Aegean region? Where did they live? Who were their eventual northern mainland neighbors? Describe them. Describe them? Minoans Island of Crete Peaceful seafarers and traders Mycenaean Warlike people

Locate the Minoans. Locate the Mycenaean. X Y Z S Y Z

kings Nobles ? Democracies and Oligarchies What was the time period after the collapse of the Mycenaean called? Who replaced the nobles/aristocrats and ruled with total control? Define democracy. Define oligarchy. Dark Age Tyrants Rule by the people Rule by a few, usually the rich

What is the Greek word for city-state? What is a city-state? What was at the center of the city- state in Greece? What was the highest hill in the city-state called that was a place of refuge and a cite for religious ceremonies? Polis City and the surrounding land Agora Acropolis Because of the geography the city- states of Greece were fiercely ….. Independent

Which city-state is considered the birthplace of democracy? Which city-state used an oligarchy? Athens Sparta

What was life based on in Sparta? When did boys begin their training? What were they educated in? Did the Spartans welcome outside ideas? Most people who lived in Sparta were _______________. Women in Sparta …… military 7 Warfare and basic reading and writing and some math to boot! No, did not trade or play nice with others Slaves Had much more freedom then women of other Greek city-states

What was life based on in Athens? What were they educated in? Identify the Athenian citizen. Women in Athens…… Education and cultural diversity Math, reading and writing, public speaking, art, theater Had few rights, lived very private lives and were accompanied by men in public A free man born in Athens who owned land.

X Identify the empire.Who founded the Persian empire? Who reorganized the empire? How did he maintain peace within his land. What was the main religion of the Persians? Persia Cyrus the Great Treated people fairly Darius Zoroastrianism

Why did the Persian come into conflict with the Greeks? Why was Darius and the Persians defeat at Marathon such a surprise? Who led the Persians into battle 10 years later and defeated the Spartans at the battle of Thermopylae? What was the sea battle that destroyed the Persian navy thus changing the course of the war? Where was the last major battle that took place in Greece located. Who won the battle of Plataea? Territorial expansion Greeks were heavily outnumbered Plataea Greece Xerxes Salamis

After the Persian war which Greek city-state became the most influential? What league was created to protect Greece from the Persian? Why didn’t Athens let the Delian league dissolve? What did Athens use most of the money that supported the Delian league for? The Delian league helped create the Athenian ____________. Athens Delian league Because it made them rich Rebuild Athens empire

Who was the charismatic leader that ruled Athens during its golden age/ How did he make Athens democratic government more effective? What type of government is Athens? List ideas that Pericles supported. Pericles Appointed officials based on merit Direct Democracy Beautifying the city with new buildings, temples. Also supported education by inviting scholars to teach at schools in Athens and finally he valued democracy

What war broke out as a result of concerns over the power of the Delian league? What two main city- states were involved in this war? Who ended up winning the Peloponnesian War? How did Sparta eventually defeat Athens? What was the overall outcome of the civil war among the Greek city-state during the Peloponnesian War? Peloponnesian War Sparta and Athens Sparta Blockaded the city by land and sea Greece was terribly weakened by years of civil war…vulnerable to outside invasions

Who was able to conquer most of Greece and create an empire that rivaled any from the ancient world? Alexander the Great