Greek Drama The Origin of Tragedy. Began as religious festival in honor of Dionysus I.City of Dionysia- religious festival held in spring II.Dithyramb-

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Presentation transcript:

Greek Drama The Origin of Tragedy

Began as religious festival in honor of Dionysus I.City of Dionysia- religious festival held in spring II.Dithyramb- Hymn sung in honor of the god III.Tragedy (tragos & oide) means & oide) means goat song goat song IV. Chorus-group of about 50 who about 50 who sang and danced sang and danced

Thespis- “Father of Drama “ (6th Century B.C.) I.Won prize for tragedy in 535 B.C. II.Said to have introduced first actor and, thus, dialogue Aeschylus B.C. I. I.Added second actor II. II.Wrote trilogies on unified themes

Sophocles- ( B.C.) I.A dded third actor II.F ixed number of Chorus to fifteen III.I ntroduced painted scenery IV.M ade each play of the trilogy separate in nature

Euripides-( B.C.) I.Reduced participation of Chorus in the main action II.Relied on heavy prologues and deus ex machina endings: I.God arrives late and solves the crisis

Structure of Theater I.Theatron-seeing place where audience sat II.Orchestra-circular dancing place where actors and Chorus performed III.Thymele-altar to Dionysus in center of orchestra IV.Skene(Ske-ne) building used as dressing room V.Proskenion-façade of skene building which served as backdrop VI.Parodos-entrance to the theater used by Chorus

Theatre in Greece

Actors and Acting I.Hypocrites- the answerer -playing roles I.Actor and dramatist were the same- playwright took leading role II.Originally- they limited the actors to three men who played all the parts III.The male performers also played female characters

Costumes & Masks (Called Persona) I.Long, flowing robes- colored symbolically II.High boots, often with raised soles III.Larger than life masks- made of linen, wood, cork- called persona I.identified age, gender, emotion II.exaggerated features- large eyes, open mouth III.provided amplification (megaphone) IV.also so the gods would not see the actor impersonate a god

Chorus Music and Dance I.At first, the chorus was made of 50 men II. Musical accompaniment for choral odes-flute, lyre, percussion III.Dance defined as expressive rhythmical movement

Importance of Chorus I.Function I.Sets overall mood and expresses theme II.Adds beauty (theatrical effectiveness) through song and dance III.Gives background information IV.Divides action and offers reflections on events V.Questions, advises, expresses opinion-usually through Chorus leader

Conventions of Drama in Aristotle’s “Poetics” I.Unities I.Action-one simple plot II.Time-single day III.Place-one scene throughout II.Messenger I.Tells news happening away from scene II.Reports acts of violence not allowed to be seen III.Limitations of Theatre I.Continuous presence of Chorus II.No intermissions, continuous flow of action and choral odes III.No lighting, no curtains