Important Cell Vocabulary Purpose or Function small compartments that hold all of the biological equipment necessary to keep an organism alive and successful on Earth. Structure in a cell that performs a special function Shape or Form Job or Purpose Both have many parts that contribute to their processes. Thin layer that separates the Inside of the cell from its outside environment. Keeps the cytoplasm inside while letting waste out and nutrients in Organelle Cell Structure Function How can a cell be compared to a factory? What is the cell membrane? What is the function of the cell membrane?

Notes Continued… What is the nucleus? What is the function of the nucleus? What is the nucleolus? What is the function of the nucleolus? What is the mitochondria? What is the function of the mitochondria? The control center of the cell that is covered with a membrane. Allows materials to pass in and out of its membrane. A dark spot inside the nucleus. Acts as the storage area for materials that are used by other organelles. Rod-shaped organelles surrounded by 2 membranes. They produce much of the cells energy it needs to function

Notes Continued… What are vacuoles? What is the function of the vacuole? What is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)? What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)? What are ribosomes? What is the function of ribosomes? What are golgi bodies? Small fluid-filled sacs Stores water, food and waste A series of tunnels throughout the cytoplasm Transports proteins from one part of the cell to another Little round grains of protein all around the ER Make proteins and then release them into the ER, some are attached/some float around the cytoplasm The packaging and distribution part of the cell

Notes Continued… What are the functions of golgi bodies? What are lysosomes? What are the functions of lysosomes? What is the cytoskeleton? What is the function of the cytoskeleton? They receive proteins and other compounds in the ER and release materials to other parts of the cell and outside the cell They contain enzymes that can break things down. and pick up foreign invaders such as bacteria, food and old organelles (break them down into small pieces that can be reused). Pick up foreign invaders such as bacteria, food and old organelles and break them down into small pieces that can be reused. It is a series of fibers made from proteins. It provides structure to the cell and gives it its shape.

Notes Continued… What are chloroplasts? What is the function of chloroplast? What is the function of the large, central vacuole in a plant? What is the cell wall? What is the function of the cell wall? An organelle that contains a pigment called chlorophyll. They convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of molecules called photosynthesis. When it is full it stores up cell sap to give plant cells their structure and rigidity. It is made up of a carbohydrate called cellulose. It provides structure and support that can withstand high internal pressure