Stephanie Higbee Laura Koehler Bryan Losier

Outline  What is GOES?  History of the GOES Satellites  Instruments on the current GOES Satellite  What is GOES-R?  Instruments and differences on GOES-R  Conclusion

What is GOES?  GOES – Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite Operated by the NOAA and NASA It is used to support weather forecasting, severe storm tracking, and meteorological research Views continental US, Pacific and Atlantic Ocean, central and south America, southern Canada Used to get frequent cloud images, monitor earth’s surface temperature and water vapor fields, and sound the atmosphere for its vertical thermal vapor structures

History of GOES  The first launch was in 1974 and the satellite was called SMS-1  First GOES satellite was launched October 16 th, 1975  After reaching orbit, GOES satellites are given numbers, so GOES-A becomes GOES-1  SMS-A through GOES-C  Essentially the same spacecraft  GOES-D  Improved data transmission  GOES-H  SARSAT  GOES-I  3 axis stabilized  Improved weather imaging and atmospheric sounding

First image captured by GOES-1

History of GOES  There are currently 4 satellites in operation: GOES 9 GOES 10 GOES 11 GOES 12  There are other GOES satellites in orbit, but they are either inactive or being used for different reasons.

Instrumentation on the current GOES  Imager  Sounder  Space Environment Monitor  Ground Based Data Collector and Relay

GOES-R  The next generation satellite in the GOES series  Being developed by NOAA in partnership with NASA  Will incorporate technically advances “third generation” instruments and spacecraft enhancements to meet evolving observational requirements of forecasting

Instruments on GOES-R  Environmental Sensing Payloads:  Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI)  Space Environmental In-Site Suite (SEISS)  Solar Imaging Suite (SIS)  Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM)  Hyperspectral Environmental Suite (HES)  Auxiliary Communication Services:  Data Collection  Data Broadcast  GOES Re-Broadcast (GRB)  Search and Rescue (SAR)  Emergency Managers Weather Information Network (EMWIN)  Low Rate Information Transmission

Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI)  Features 16 channels Two visible and 14 near infrared and infrared Spatial resolution ○ 0.5 km in the visible band ○ 1 km for the near infrared ○ 2 km for the infrared  In contrast the current GOES imager has only 5 channels with resolutions 2 & 4 km.

Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) GOES-R channels

Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) Current GOES channels

Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) GOES-R increased temporal coverage can be illustrated by comparing the 5-minute coverage of current GOES (left) with the 5-minute coverage from the simulated GOES-R (right). GOES-R can image the entire hemisphere in one-sixth the time it takes for the current GOES system.

Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) Current GOES Image Simulated GOES-R Image

Space Environmental In-Situ Suite (SEISS)  It will provide real-time measurements of the charged particle environment in geosynchronous orbit  Consists of 3 sensors: MPS: magnetospheric particle sensor EHIS: energetic heavy ion sensor SGPS: solar and galactic proton sensor

Space Environmental In-Situ Suite (SEISS) MeasurementsGOES-RCurrent GOES Electrons30eV to 4MeV Protons30eV to 500MeV+80KeV to 700MeV Solar Ion Mass Groups He, C-N-O, Ne-S, and Fe alpha particles only The GOES-R magnetometer will measure the Earth’s geomagnetic field in three-axes, providing information on geomagnetic activity in space.

Solar Imaging Suite (SIS)  Consists of 3 Sensors  XRS: Solar X-Ray Sensor  EUVS: Extreme UltraViolet Sensor  SXI: Solar X-Ray Imager

Solar Imaging Suite (SIS) SensorGOES-R Wavelength band ranges Current GOES Wavelength band ranges XRS0.05 – 0.04nm 0.1 – 0.8nm 0.05 – 0.04nm 0.1 – 0.8nm EUVS5 – 127nm10 – 126nm SXI0.6 – 10.0nm0.6 – 6.0nm

The Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM)  sensitive enough to detect 70–90 percent of all lightning strikes  help predict severe storms by continuously tracking the intensity, frequency, and location of lightning discharges  provides rapid information that could be correlated with radar returns, cloud images, and other meteorological data  Aerospace will support all these instruments through design, trades, satellite integration, and operations.

Hyperspectral Environmental Suite (HES)  It will perform three tasks and one goal tasks  Disk sounding  Coastal waters imaging  Severe weather/Mesoscale sounding  The goal task is Open Ocean Imaging  There is a huge improvement over the current sounder.  The HES coverage rate will be about 5 times faster than the current sounder  Regular coverage of the sounder can extend over an area that is much larger than the CONUS  The number of spectral channels will also increase from 18 IR bands to about 1500 IR bands

Communication  Communication Services Data Collection  Data Broadcast GRB: GOES-R ReBroadcast SAR: Search and Rescue EMWIN: Emergency Managers Weather Information Network LRIT: Low Rate Information Transmission

Ground Systems  Troubleshooting and Challenges  Ground facilities will need to include a remote backup location, so its survival will not be threatened by the weather at primary sites.  GOES-R will maintain a 30-day archive of raw data records and a 3-day archive of reconstructed unprocessed instrument data at full space-time resolution with supplemental information to be used in subsequent processing appended (Level 0).  GOES-R will generate nearly 16 terabytes per day of meteorological and environmental (Level 2+) products

Conclusion  The GOES-R system will transition to operations around 2014, with the first launch planned for late in  The GOES-R satellite series will operate for more than 16 years, providing regional environmental imagery and specialized meteorological, climatic, terrestrial, oceanographic, and solar- geophysical data.  GOES-R will support a wide variety of end users such as National Weather Service, Federal Aviation Administration, Environmental Protection Agency, and Department of Homeland Security. GOES- R products will be useful to much of America's industry, including agribusiness, transportation, and construction.  Aerospace participation in research, source selection, and program office activities has been instrumental in identifying difficult issues facing the GOES-R system.  Aerospace's continued support in the upcoming acquisition phase can help ensure that the final architecture will be both feasible and powerful enough to meet the diverse user requirements.  Aerospace expertise and continued involvement should enable NOAA to provide an improved geostationary weather and environmental sensing capability that can serve up to 2030.

Any Questions?

Sources _rotated.pdf images.google.com