The Mongol Conquests 1200-1260. Nomads Strong families Weaker families Slaves.

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Presentation transcript:

The Mongol Conquests

Nomads Strong families Weaker families Slaves

(N.C.)Genghis Khan aka Temijin CE Leader of the Mongols, Universal ruler –Tolerated many languages & religions –Greatest conqueror in history!! Asian Steppe, Asia Why? Largest land empire in HISTORY! 1. Revenge conquests –Took China & Muslims –Central Asia 2. Gr8est conqueror b.c. 3 things: –Brilliant organizer –Gifted strategist –Cruelty

Genghis Khan r Jochi Batu r Jagadai r Ögödei r Guyuk r Tolui Mongke r Khubilai r Hulegu r Family Tree of Genghis Genghis dies & divides his kingdom Among sons/Grandsons

4 Regions/Khanates: 1) Great Khan (China) 2) Khanate of Chagatai (Central Asia) 3) ILKhanate (Muslims/Middle East/Persia) 4) Khanate of the Golden Horde (Russia)

Effects of the Mongols: 1)Populations wiped out 2)Land destroyed - Ancient Irrigation systems = GONE! 1)Tolerance of culture - didn’t impose their beliefs! 4) Improved stability & Law&Order - Pax Mongolica… (notecard)

(N.C.) Pax Mongolica Who: Mongols & their conquered peoples What: Mongol Peace to maintain stability Where: Eurasia When: mid 1200s-1300s Why?: maintained stability, Law & Order throughout Mongol Empire; guaranteed safe passage throughout Empire = trade flourished = Chinese inventions got to Europe = Black Death spread!! 

The Mongol Empire …after Genghis… (Section 3)

(N.C.) Khublai Khan ( ) Who: Genghis’ grandson, “Great Khan” of China What: conquered China for the Mongols, started Yuan Dynasty Y?: 1)United China first time in 300 yrs. 2)1 st Foreign Emperor 3)Tolerated Chinese culture 4)Foreign trade 5)New capital = Beijing (capital today)

Yuan Dynasty ( ) Foreign dynasty- the Mongols Strict segregation: Mongols Foreigners Northern Chinese Song Chinese

The Mongols… …promoted movement of ppl & ideas. …improved trade routes (Silk Road, esp.) …increased demand for products. …allowed local cultures to stay.

Why were the conquests so fast and so big?? 1.Superior Weapons -- Amazing on the horse! -- Bows -- Catapults -- Flaming arrows 2.Persuaded surrender -- Mass slaughter