Exceptional Children: An Introduction to Special Education, 9th Edition Heward ISBN X © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 Exceptional Children: An Introduction to Special Education, 9th Edition ISBN X © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. EARLY CHILDHOOD SPECIAL EDUCATION GUIDELINES FOR DIAGNOSIS AND PROGRAMING

Exceptional Children: An Introduction to Special Education, 9th Edition Heward ISBN X © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 2 Overview Legal Issues Diagnostic Criteria ( DSM V and CDC) Developmental Delay FAS Autism Spectrum Disorder ADD/ADHD* * Based upon DSM, should not occur in early childhood WHAT WE ARE COVERING TONIGHT

Exceptional Children: An Introduction to Special Education, 9th Edition Heward ISBN X © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 3 IDEA and Early Childhood Special Education Mandates early intervention services for any child under 3 years of age who has developmental delays Mandates preschool for children with disabilities ages 3–5 States that receive IDEA funds for early intervention must serve all infants and toddlers with developmental delays or established risk conditions States may also serve infants and toddlers who are identified as at-risk THE IMPORTANCE OF EARLY INTERVENTION

Exceptional Children: An Introduction to Special Education, 9th Edition Heward ISBN X © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 4 An IFSP is a plan that addresses the needs of the child and family and is developed by a multidisciplinary team –An IFSP defines the family as being the recipient of early intervention services –The IFSP must be evaluated once a year and reviewed at six-month intervals Special education for preschoolers –Preschool children do not have to be identified under existing categories to receive services –Local education agencies may elect to use a variety of service options INDIVIDUALIZED FAMILY SERVICES PLAN

Exceptional Children: An Introduction to Special Education, 9th Edition Heward ISBN X © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 5 SCHOOLS AND CENTERS SHOULD BE AWARE OF WHAT TYPE HEALTH CARE INSURANCE A CHILD HAS. IF YOU MAKE REFEALS FOR EVALUATIONS,STAY WITH-IN THE NETWORK OF PRIVIDERS. ONLY SPEAK TO HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONAL THAT HAVE PRESENTED A RELEASE OF INFORMATION FORM. HEALTH INSURANCE RELEASE OF INFORMATION

Exceptional Children: An Introduction to Special Education, 9th Edition Heward ISBN X © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 6 Assessment in early childhood special education is conducted for at least four different purposes: –Screening –Diagnosis –Program planning –Evaluation Tests measure performance in 5 major areas: –Motor development –Cognitive development –Communication and language development –Social and emotional development –Adaptive development SCREENING, IDENTIFICATION, AND ASSESSMENT

Exceptional Children: An Introduction to Special Education, 9th Edition Heward ISBN X © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 7 Curriculum and program goals –Support families in achieving their own goals –Promote child engagement, independence, and mastery –Promote development in all important domains –Build and support social competence –Facilitate the generalized use of skills –Prepare and assist children for normalized life experiences with their families –Help children and their families make smooth transitions CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION IN EARLY CHILDHOOD SPECIAL EDUCATION

Exceptional Children: An Introduction to Special Education, 9th Edition Heward ISBN X © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 8 Selecting IFSP/IEP Goals and Objectives Goals and objectives should be evaluated according to the following five quality indicators: –Functionality –Generality –Instructional context –Measurability –Relationship between long-range goals and short- term objectives CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION IN EARLY CHILDHOOD SPECIAL EDUCATION

Exceptional Children: An Introduction to Special Education, 9th Edition Heward ISBN X © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 9 Modifications and adaptations to the physical environment, materials, and activities are often sufficient to support successful participation and learning by a child with disabilities Embedded learning opportunities Preschool activity schedules should include a balance of child-initiated and planned activities, large- and small-group activities, active and quiet times, and indoor and outdoor activities INSTRUCTIONAL ADAPTATIONS AND MODIFICATIONS

Exceptional Children: An Introduction to Special Education, 9th Edition Heward ISBN X © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 10 IDEA requires that early intervention services be provided in natural environments to the greatest extent possible Service delivery options for early childhood special education include: –Hospital-based programs –Home-based programs –Center-based programs –Combined home-center programs SERVICE DELIVERY ALTERNATIVES FOR EARLY INTERVENTION

Exceptional Children: An Introduction to Special Education, 9th Edition Heward ISBN X © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 11 Parents are the most important people in an early intervention program –Act as advocates –Participate in educational planning –Observe their child’s behavior –Help set realistic goals –Work in the classroom –Teach their children at home FAMILIES

Exceptional Children: An Introduction to Special Education, 9th Edition Heward ISBN X © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 12

Exceptional Children: An Introduction to Special Education, 9th Edition Heward ISBN X © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 13 LEGAL ISSUES: TEACHERS ARE, BY LAW, NOT ALLOWED TO LEAD A DIAGNOSIS. THEY MAY NOT USE TERMS LIKE: DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY, FAS, AUTISM OR ADD/ADHD ONLY PHYSICIANS CAN USE THOSE TERMS. YOU CAN DESCRIBE WHAT YOU SEE BUT ALLOW M.D./D.O. TO MAKE THE DIAGNOSIS. CREDIBLE INFORMATION: THE AMA ESTIMATES THAT 70% OF INFORMATION POSTED ON-LINE ON THE TOPIC OF AUTISM IS INACCURATE. USE ONLY.ORG OR.EDU FOR INFORMATION. ANYBODY CAN BE A.COM. WHAT ARE JENNY MCARTHY’S CREDENTIALS?

Exceptional Children: An Introduction to Special Education, 9th Edition Heward ISBN X © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 14 INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY : DSM V FACT SHEET CDC CRITERIA FOR FAS CDC CRITERIA FOR AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER CDC/DSM V CRITERIA FOR ADD/ADHD WHO SHOULD CONDUCT DIAGNOSIS? IN MOST CASES, PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGIST DEVELOPMENTAL PEDIATRICIAN WITH SUPPORT FROM SPEECH AND LANGUAGE SPECIALIST