Bellringer – 9/9/15 What Enlightenment philosopher influenced the Declaration of Independence with his ideas of “natural rights”?

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Presentation transcript:

Bellringer – 9/9/15 What Enlightenment philosopher influenced the Declaration of Independence with his ideas of “natural rights”?

Influences on American Government Mr. Perkins Fall 2015

Essential Question Why do people create, structure, and change governments?

Chapter 2, Lesson 1 Terms Democracy Direct Democracy Representative Democracy Republic Limited Government Legislature Social Contract Natural Right Document Compact

America’s Government The United States has one of the most complex governments in the world Many civilizations, people, and documents have influenced U.S. government It was a government thousands of years in the making

Judeo-Christian Beliefs Judaism/Christianity teaches equality before the law – Basic concept of democracy

Ancient Greece First example of democracy Free, land owning men were citizens – Had to be 18 Voting system – Any citizen could speak on important matters – Citizens made up council of 500 people – Direct democracy Voting time!

Why Wouldn’t Direct Democracy Work? The city-state of Athens was small Number of free citizens was even smaller Why wouldn’t this type of government work in the U.S.?

Ancient Rome Created same time as Athens’ democracy Rome had a king before 509 B.C. – King was overthrown – Replaced with a senate – Members, called patricians, were chosen from wealthy citizens – Patricians chose two members, called consuls, to lead Voting time! The outcome of Rome’s republic

Early England Roman Empire collapsed – Kings began to rule Europe (absolute monarch) – People began to resist the kings King was forced to sign a document called the Magna Carta ( ( which limited king’s power (limited monarchy) – Representatives of the people started to have a say in government, also known as Parliament or the first legislature

Enlightenment Thinkers European thinkers believed laws of the world could be determined through human reason – Apply the laws of nature to humans – watch?v=dKlp7n8B-AM & watch?v=CP8k_f3PFq8 (how to learn Enlightenment thinkers) watch?v=dKlp7n8B-AM watch?v=CP8k_f3PFq8

Niccolo Machiavelli The Prince

Thomas Hobbes Leviathan & the Social Contract

John Locke Natural Rights Life Liberty Pursuit of Property

Jean-Jacques Rousseau Popular Sovereignty

Montesquieu Separation of Powers

Voltaire Freedom of religion, thought, and trade

Thomas Paine e.com/watch?v=usvl OOkjHII&feature=sh are (Part 1) e.com/watch?v=usvl OOkjHII&feature=sh are e.com/watch?v=kcbg b4GHe2Y (Part 2) e.com/watch?v=kcbg b4GHe2Y Common Sense