Christianity Islam Judaism HinduismBuddhismConfucianism

Today we will begin learning about the major world religions. We will stop periodically & take notes on this sheet.

Religion an organized system of beliefs, ceremonies, and rules used to worship a God(s)

Types of Religions 1. Monotheistic religions believe in one god. 2. Polytheistic religions believe in many gods. - Fill in definitions for religion, mono and poly on your notes sheet.

Religions of the World What do you notice about this graph? What religions have the most followers?

Religions of the World

Red = Christianity, Green = Islam Why do you think this map shows only 2 religions?

Religions of the World ReligionFollowers Christianity1.9 billion Islam1.1 billion Hinduism781 million Buddhism324 million Sikhism19 million Judaism14 million Do these numbers surprise you? Why or why not?

MONOTHEISTIC RELIGIONS Monotheism= belief that there is only one god

3 Monotheistic Religions 1. Judaism (2000 BCE) 2. Christianity (26-36 CE) 3. Islam (610 CE)

Judaism Monotheism - There is one god Abraham- is the ‘father’ of the Jewish people. God revealed his laws to his people through Moses and the Ten Commandments. Video Clip

Write these notes… Judaism Holy Book = Torah God= Yahweh The father is Abraham and Jesus was a prophet Sabbath= Saturday (rest, study, feast, worship)

Judaism Symbol- Star of David

Judaism Holy Book- Torah

Western Wall The Western Wall is located in the Old City of Jerusalem Construction startedConstruction started: 19 BC HeightHeight: 62' (19 m)

Christianity Christianity was heavily influenced by Judaism. 1. Monotheism - There is one god 2. Jesus Christ (son of God) died for the sins of humankind. 3. Salvation comes from faith in God. Video Clip

Write these notes… Christianity The Bible is their holy book Believe Jesus is the son of God and is the Messiah sent to save them Sunday is their Sabbath (day of rest and worship

Christianity Holy Book- Bible Christians believe the Old and New Testaments of the Bible are holy books. The first four books of the New Testament were written by followers of Jesus.

Christianity Symbol- Cross

The 2 Parts of Christianity 1. Roman Catholic 2. Protestant

Islam Islam is a monotheistic religion Developed in Saudi Arabia in the early 600s. Islam was founded by the Prophet Muhammed. Video Clip

Notes Page Islam The Quran is their holy book (has their beliefs and rules) Mecca is their spiritual capital (expected to go there at least once in their life) They have 5 pillars & pray 5 times a day

Islam

Islam 5 Pillars of Faith The five pillars or central teachings of Islam are: 1.A statement of faith 2.Prayer (five times a day in the direction of Mecca) 3.Charity 4.Pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in your lifetime (called the Hajj) 5.Fasting (during the month of Ramadan)

Islam Holy Book- Qur'an (Koran) The teachings of Muhammed were collected into a book called the Qur’an (Koran).

Islam Place of Worship- Mosques.

Islam Symbol-Crescent and Star

Dome of the Rock

Mecca

Video Clip Monotheistic Religions

POLYTHEISTIC RELIGIONS

2 Polytheistic Religions 1. Hinduism 2. Buddhism 3. Confucianism

Hinduism Hinduism is one of the oldest religions in the world. It is a polytheistic religion Originated in South Asia, present day India, around 2500 B.C.E. Video Clip

Hinduism Atman- is the spirit or soul of a person Brahman- refers to a supreme spirit. Hindus believe that the goal of life is to reach nirvana. Hindus believe in reincarnation and karma. ▫ A person dies, then lives again, until they finally reach nirvana.

Hinduism Holy Books- Several holy books called 1.Vedas 2.Upanishads 3.The epics the Mahabharata and Ramayana.

Hinduism Caste System The caste system is a system of social organization in India. When a person is born they are born into one of four castes. This system has led to discrimination and has been outlawed in India. Hindus still debate whether the caste system is part of Hinduism or an outdated social custom.

Hinduism Caste System 1.Brahmins: Teachers and priests. 2.Kshatriyas: Warriors, nobles, and kings. 3.Vaishyas: Farmers, merchants, and businessmen. 4.Shudras: Servants and laborers.

Notes Page- Write ALL words I wrote, in Hinduism box on your notes sheet Hinduism Began in India, world’s oldest religion Have 4 life goals (basically to live positively) Reincarnation and Karma

Buddhism Buddhism is related to Hinduism and shares many of the same basic beliefs. Buddhism was founded by a man named Siddhartha who was born as a prince. The relationship between Buddhism and Hinduism is similar to the relationship between Christianity and Judaism. Video Clip

Eight Fold Path Buddhist must follow the 8 fold path to reach nirvana

Buddhism

Notes Page Buddhism Started by Siddhartha Guatama (aka Buddha) Live by the 4 Noble Truths (eliminate desire = no more suffering) The way to a good life is by living the 8 fold path

Confucius Born in 551 B.C. died in 479 B.C.

Confucianism Concerned primarily with restoring social stability and order ▫What is the basis of a stable, unified, and enduring social order? a system of social and ethical philosophy ▫“only when character is cultivated are our families regulated; only when families are regulated are states well governed.”

Confucianism Li ▫rituals, norms, institutions, or traditions ▫the outer, conforming aspect of Confucianism Ren ▫humaneness, love, kindness, compassion, or virtue ▫the inner, reforming aspect of Confucianism

Li Rites, ceremonies, proper behavior, and good manner performed in good faith, with everyone keeping to his or her proper role universal harmony no need for physical sanctions, laws, or punishment

Ren Relationship between "two persons” extension of filial piety to all human beings each role in the hierarchy of social relations had clearly defined duties ▫reciprocity or mutual responsibility

Five relationships father-child ruler-subject husband-wife elder brother-younger brother friend-friend

Confucianism Persecuted in Qin Dynasty ▫221 B.C B.C. promoted by later rulers

In today’s China

Video Clip 5 World Religions