Bio 10: Intro to Biology Instructor: Paul Nagami Laney College Sept. 4, 2013 Large Molecules and Living Things, pt. 1

Agenda Administrative Stuff Review: What Makes a Tree? Review: Carbon Structures Carbohydrates Lipids Wrap-up

Essay Outline Don’t forget that your essay outline is due in a week! Useful sources for articles on relevant research: If you have questions, please ask sooner than later!

What Are Trees Made Of? Every year, the General Sherman sequoia adds on over a cubic meter of wood – enough to make a new 15-meter (50-foot) tall tree! Where does all of this dry mass come from?

Take a guess: Most of the General Sherman tree’s dry mass is derived from…. A) Water and minerals from the soil. B) Organic matter from the soil. C) Energy from the sun. D) Gas from the air.

Carbon (C) Covalent bond

Carbon Skeletons Macromolecules are based on hydrocarbon skeletons. Macromolecule (large) + molecule Hydrocarbon gen +

Monomers and dimers Macromolecules are often made of repeating pieces. Each piece is a monomer. Sticking two monomers together makes a dimer. Monomer one + piece Dimer two + pieces Functional Group Glucose Hydrophilic or hydrophobic?

Polymers Dehydration builds polymers. Hydrolysis breaks polymers. water + breaking

Lactose Intolerance Disaccharide Monosaccharide

Polysaccharides Starch Glycogen Cellulose

Lipids Lipids made from “fat” Lipids made from cholesterol

Triglycerides This fat is unsaturated.

Saturated, Unsaturated, and Trans Fats

Steroid Hormones Cholesterol

Ovarian Cycle