- 1 1 McGraw-Hill © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

1 Introduction to Organizational Behavior

- 1 3 McGraw-Hill © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Learning Objectives  Provide an overview of the major challenges and the paradigm shift facing management now and in the next economy.  Outline an organizational behavior perspective for today’s management.  Summarize the Hawthorne studies as the starting point of modern organizational behavior.  Explain the methodology that is used to accumulate knowledge and facilitate understanding of organizational behavior.  Relate the various theoretical frameworks that serve as a foundation for a model of organizational behavior.  Present the social cognitive model of organizational behavior that serves as the conceptual framework for the text.

- 1 4 McGraw-Hill © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Starting with Best-Practice Leader’s Advice  Jack Welch’s Successor Jeff Immelt on Leading GE in This “Time between Times”  “Neutron Jack”  Work and sleep  Admired CEOs  Accomplish in first few years  September 11  Conglomerate and globalization  Enron, trust, and backlash  So few women in top ranks - “Shame on us”

- 1 5 McGraw-Hill © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. The Challenges Facing Management The academic field of organizational behavior has been around for at least the past thirty years. Problems facing managers of human organization have been around since the beginning of civilization. Although the problems with human organizations and the solutions over the ages have not really changed that much, the emphasis and surrounding environmental context certainly have. This new environment is disruptive, discontinuous change. It represents a new paradigm, a new way of thinking about the workplace.

- 1 6 McGraw-Hill © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Undergoing a Paradigm Shift A paradigm simply establishes the rules (written or unwritten), defines the boundaries, and tells one how to behave within the boundaries to be successful. For today’s and tomorrow’s organizations and management, there are new rules with different boundaries requiring new and different behaviors. There is considerable resistance to change and why it is very difficult to move from the old management paradigm to the new.

- 1 7 McGraw-Hill © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. A New Perspective for Management Management has three major dimensions—technical, conceptual, and human. “One-eighth” situation—about one-eighth of today’s organizations believe it, do it, stick with it. “The Knowing-Doing Gap”—most managers know the value of the human factor and how to implement the approach to improve organizational performance, but still are not doing it.

- 1 8 McGraw-Hill © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Historical Background: The Hawthorne Studies  The Illumination Studies: A Serendipitous Discovery  Subsequent Phases of the Hawthorne Studies  Implications of the Hawthorne Studies

- 1 9 McGraw-Hill © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Research Methodology  The Overall Scientific Perspective  Starting with Theory  The Use of Research Designs  The Validity of Studies

McGraw-Hill © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Research Methodology (Continued)

McGraw-Hill © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Defining Organizational Behavior  The Relationship to Other Fields  The Organizational Behavioral Approach to Management

McGraw-Hill © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Defining Organizational Behavior (Continued)

McGraw-Hill © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Theoretical Frameworks  Cognitive Framework  Behavioristic Framework  Social Cognitive Framework

McGraw-Hill © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Theoretical Frameworks (Continued)

McGraw-Hill © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Theoretical Frameworks (Continued)

McGraw-Hill © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. The Conceptual Framework for the Text

McGraw-Hill © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Questions