FOLDS, FAULTS, AND MOUNTAIN TYPES

 1. Volcanic  2. Folded  3. Faulted Mountains formation – Three types

Mountains caused by Pressure  As plates move, pressure builds causing bends or breaks in land.  Any time crust moves it will cause an earthquake

Folding  When rock is put under stress, sometimes it bends… this is called FOLDING.  These make folded mountains.

Folds:  These types of folds are called ANTICLINE folds

Folds:  These types of folds are called SYNCLINE folds.

Folds:  When one side moves up and the other moves down, these types of folds are called MONOCLINE folds

Faults Section  Sometimes rock doesn’t bend, but it breaks instead… this is called FAULTING.  These make Faulted Mountains  There are 3 types of faults:  Normal Fault  Reverse Fault  Strike Slip Fault

Normal Faults  The hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall.  Occurs when TENSION causes tectonic plates to move apart.  Happens at a divergent plate boundary

Normal Fault

Reverse Faults  The hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall. (the reverse of a normal fault)  Occurs when COMPRESSION causes tectonic plates to push rocks together.  Happens at a convergent plate boundary.

Reverse Faults View of the hanging wall

Faults  When rocks are pulled apart  One slab of rock slides DOWNWARD  When rocks are pushed together  One slab of rock slides UPWARD Normal FaultReverse Fault

Strike Slip Faults  When opposing forces called SHEARING cause the rock to break and move horizontally.  The ground appears to move to the left or right.  Happens at a transform plate boundary.

Strike Slip Faults

Type of pressure applied DescriptionBoundary or movement type Fault Type CompressionPushing Together ConvergentReverse TensionPulling ApartDivergentNormal ShearingSliding PastTransformStrike-Slip